Variability of the physicochemical properties of their application for various purposes [Articol]

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the grain's physical properties and chemical composition from fifteen maize hybrids produced and cultivated at the Maize Research Institute Zemun Polje, Serbia. The investigated genotypes were selected based on their diverse genetic backgrounds and different FAO maturity groups (100-700). The results showed notable differences in the physical and chemical characteristics of the investigated maize genotypes, indicating they could be beneficial for various uses in food and animal feed production, as well as in different processing industries. The 1000 kernel weight, a desirable attribute for wet milling as it typically results in increased starch and protein yields, varied between 255.70 g and 411.10 g, while starch content ranged from 65.45 to 70.18 % dry matter (d.m.) basis. Protein content (10.31-12.12%) further qualifies studied grains as valuable sources of nutrients. These findings suggest that selecting appropriate hybrids based on their genetic traits can optimize yield and quality for specific applications. Further research is needed to explore the potential of these hybrids in enhancing food security and sustainability within agricultural practices.