Energy transition as a catalyst for sdgs: lesson from german’s renewable shift for european security and sustainability [Articol]

Abstract

The global pursuit of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – particularly SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) – has gained urgency amid geopolitical conflicts and energy market disruptions. This paper investigates how Germany’s accelerated renewable energy transition (Energiewende) serves as a strategic model for achieving energy security while advancing broader sustainability objectives in Europe. The study focuses on german die Ampelkoalition’s tenure (SPD-Greens-FDP coalition), analysing their policy frameworks, technological investments, and socio-economic outcomes in driving the energy transition. Key initiatives include renewable energy reforms, measures to accelerate wind and solar expansion and innovative approaches to balancing energy security with climate goals during the energy crisis triggered by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The paper examines both achievements and challenges faced by the coalition, including tensions between rapid decarbonization goals and energy affordability concerns. Special attention is given to the interplay between renewable energy expansion, industrial decarbonization, and social equity – factors critical for a just transition. The findings contribute to ongoing debates on sustainable development by demonstrating how national energy transitions under specific political configurations can simultaneously enhance security, reduce emissions, and foster innovation – ultimately supporting the integrated implementation of the SDGs in a geopolitically uncertain world. The German case under die Ampelkoalition’s offers particularly relevant insights for European countries navigating similar sustainability and security challenges.