Reglarea homeostaziei sistemului imunitar de către aminoacizii liberi în funcţie de alimentaţie şi funcţionarea unor sisteme ale organismului [Articol]

Abstract

The immune system is essential for maintaining homeostasis, and its dysfunctions influence the onset and progression of infectious, autoimmune, oncological, and allergic diseases, as well as the efficacy of treatment and the risk of complications. Nutrition plays a fundamental role in modulating immune responses, particularly through specific amino acids such as glutamine, arginine, and branched-chain amino acids, which directly stimulate lymphocyte activation, cytokine production, and the integrity of the intestinal barrier. The analysis of immunoactive amino acids and lymphocyte metabolic parameters offers promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools. The immune system interacts dynamically with the nervous and endocrine systems through neuroimmune and metabolic pathways, supporting personalized medical strategies.