Etapa modernă în dezvoltarea criminologiei [Articol]

Abstract

The work includes a complex analysis of the modern stage in the development of criminology (the beginning of the 70s to the present). Modern criminology has discovered the phenomenon of the victim and the functions of social control, which have been criticized not only for their role in countering crime, but also for their role in promoting crime. In this period, the causes of crime are viewed not only from a statistical point of view, but as a social process, in which the criminal, the victim, and society are involved. The characteristics of the modern stage, also called "Critical and Postmodern Criminology", are established. It analyzes the ideas of realist criminology, abolitionism, peacemaking criminology that come together in modern critical criminology. Postmodernism, constitutive criminology, emerging on the basis of postmodernism, integrative criminology, phenomenological criminology, Cultural Criminology are valued. The study highlights the priority issues of criminology at the present time: issues of social control (general, criminal justice, including restorative justice, prevention and probation, police and prison issues, alternative measures to custodial sentences), crime victims, violent crime, crime organized crime, computer crimes and terrorism, illicit drug trafficking, etc.