CRUZIMEA FAȚĂ DE ANIMALE: ANALIZĂ DE DREPT PENAL
Date
2019
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
CEP USM
Abstract
Studiul de față reprezintă o primă încercare de analiză a infracțiunii de cruzime față de animale, prevăzute la art.222 1din Codul penal. Este identificat obiectul juridic special al acestei infracțiuni –relațiile sociale cu privire la atitudinea umană față de animale. Se relevă că obiectul material al infracțiunii prevăzute la art.222 1din Codul penal îl reprezintă orice animale care posedă sistem nervos și care sunt capabile să simtă durerea sau suferința. Se stabilește deosebirea
dintre cele două modalități normative ale faptei prejudiciabile prevăzute la art.222
1din Codul penal –tratarea cu cruzime a animalelor și
torturarea animalelor. Sunt analizate cele două urmări prejudiciabile ale infracțiunii prevăzute la art.222 1din Codul penal –durerea sau suferinţa animalului
și mutilarea sau moartea animalului. Se ajunge la concluzia că latura
subiectivă a infracţiunii în cauză se caracterizează prin intenție directă sau indirectă. Se stabilește că subiectul infracţiunii
prevăzute la art.222 1
din Codul penal este persoana fizică responsabilă care la momentul săvârşirii infracţiunii a atins vârsta de 16 ani. Sut examinate circumstanț
ele agravante consemnate la lit.a)-
c) alin.(2) art.222
1
din Codul penal. Este
supusă analizei conexitatea dintre infracțiunea prevăzută la art.222
1
din Codul penal și alte fapte penale sau contravenționale.
Se propune operarea unor amendamente în acest articol și în art.157 din Codul contravențional, pentru a se asigura respectarea cerințelor de accesibilitate și previzibilitate a legii care derivă din art.22 și 23 din Constituție.
This study is a first attempt to analyze the offence of cruelty towards animal s , set out in art.222 1 of the Penal Code. In this regard, there is established that the social relationships concerning the human attitude towards animals represent the special legal object of the offence in question. It is underlined that animals which possess a nervous system and are capable of feeling pain or suffering are the material object of the same offence. There is also framed the distinction between the two normative modalities of the prejudicial act provided by art.222 1 of the Penal Code, accordingly between the act of ill - treatment of animals and the act of animal torture. The two prejudicial consequences of th e offence – the pain or suffering of the animal and the mutilation or death of the animal – as referred to in art.222 1 of the Penal Code, are analyzed as well. It is concluded that the subjective side of the offence set out in art.222 1 of the Penal Code is determined by direct or indirect intention. It is established that the subject of this offence is the liable natural p erson who reached the age of 16 at the time of the offence commission and the aggravating circumstances of the offence specified in let. a) - c) par. (2) art.222 1 of the Penal Code are examined . T he possible connections between the offence provided for in art.222 1 of the Penal Code and other acts of criminal or administrative nature are also analy s ed . As a result, in order to ensure the compl iance with the provisions of accessibility and predictability of the law, which derives from articles 22 and 23 of the Constitution, it is recommended to include a series of amendments in art.222 1 of the Penal Code and art.157 of the Contravention Code.
This study is a first attempt to analyze the offence of cruelty towards animal s , set out in art.222 1 of the Penal Code. In this regard, there is established that the social relationships concerning the human attitude towards animals represent the special legal object of the offence in question. It is underlined that animals which possess a nervous system and are capable of feeling pain or suffering are the material object of the same offence. There is also framed the distinction between the two normative modalities of the prejudicial act provided by art.222 1 of the Penal Code, accordingly between the act of ill - treatment of animals and the act of animal torture. The two prejudicial consequences of th e offence – the pain or suffering of the animal and the mutilation or death of the animal – as referred to in art.222 1 of the Penal Code, are analyzed as well. It is concluded that the subjective side of the offence set out in art.222 1 of the Penal Code is determined by direct or indirect intention. It is established that the subject of this offence is the liable natural p erson who reached the age of 16 at the time of the offence commission and the aggravating circumstances of the offence specified in let. a) - c) par. (2) art.222 1 of the Penal Code are examined . T he possible connections between the offence provided for in art.222 1 of the Penal Code and other acts of criminal or administrative nature are also analy s ed . As a result, in order to ensure the compl iance with the provisions of accessibility and predictability of the law, which derives from articles 22 and 23 of the Constitution, it is recommended to include a series of amendments in art.222 1 of the Penal Code and art.157 of the Contravention Code.
Description
Keywords
cruzime față de animale, tratare cu cruzime a animal lor, torturarea animalelor, aptă săvârșită în prezența minorilor, cruelty towards animals, sadistic motives, animal torture, mutilation of animals, protection and welfare of animals
Citation
BRÎNZA, Serghei, STATI, Vitalie. Cruzimea față de animale: analiză de drept penal. In: Studia Universitatis Moldaviae. Seria Științe sociale: Sociologie. Asistență Socială. Drept. Științe Politice. Revistă științifică. 2019, nr. 11. pp. 8-24. ISSN 1814-3199.