POATE FI CONFISCAT MIJLOCUL DE TRANSPORT FOLOSIT PENTRU TRECEREA ILEGALĂ A MĂRFURILOR PESTE FRONTIERA VAMALĂ?
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Date
2019
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Institutul Naţional al Justiţiei
Abstract
Confiscarea mijlocului de transport care a servit la trecerea ilegală a mărfurilor obiectelor şi altor valori peste frontiera vamală urmăreşte scopul combaterii eficiente
a ilicitelor ce atentează la economia naţională şi, în particular, la securitatea vamală. În consecinţă, ingerinţa urmăreşte un scop legitim. Cu privire la proporţionalitatea măsurii de confiscare a mijlocului de transport, s-a analizat dacă există un echilibru corect între privarea” de dreptul de proprietate şi imperativul combaterii faptelor ce atentează la securitatea vamală. În acest sens, trebuie de cântărit importanţa socială a garantării
dreptului fundamental cu importanţa socială a atingerii scopului legitim, în condiţiile concrete ale cazului. De regulă, imperativul combaterii faptelor ce atentează la
securitatea vamală trebuie să primeze în faţa dreptului de proprietate. Din acest motiv, confiscarea mijlocului de transport care a servit la trecerea ilegală a mărfurilor obiectelor şi altor valori peste frontiera vamală este justificată. Cu titlu de excepţie, doar în unele cauze particulare confiscarea ar putea deranja echilibrul corect
şi, prin urmare, ar putea aduce atingere de o manieră
disproporţionată dreptului de proprietate. Dacă există o disproporţie vădită între valoarea mijlocului de transport şi natura sau gravitatea faptei săvârşite, instanţa va
dispune doar confiscare în parte, prin echivalent bănesc, utilizându-se drept criterii de apreciere urmare produsă sau care s-ar fi putut produce prin fapta respectivă,
contribuţia bunului la aceasta, însemnătatea lui pentru persoana şi starea materială a acesteia. Astfel, soluţia depinde de o examinare detaliată a faptelor, nu de o aplicare mecanică a silogismului.
The confiscation of the means of transport that has been used to illegally transport the goods and other objects across the customs border is aimed at effectively combating illicit trafficking in the national economy and, in particular, in customs security. Consequently, the interference pursues a legitimate aim. With regard to the proportionality of the measure of confiscation of the means of transport, it was examined whether there is a fair balance between the „deprivation” of the right to property and the imperative of combating the acts that jeopardize the customs security. In this respect, it is necessary to weigh the social importance of guaranteeing the fundamental right and the social importance of achieving the legitimate purpose in the concrete conditions of the case. Usually, the imperative of combating the acts that attempt customs security must prevail over the right of property. For this reason, confiscation of the means of transport which have served to illegally transport goods, objects and other values across the customs border is justified. As an exception, only in some particular cases the confiscation could disturb the fair balance and could therefore disproportionately affect the right to property. If there is a clear disproportion between the value of the means of transport and the nature or severity of the committed act, the court shall only order confiscation in part by means of money equivalents, while using as criteria of appreciation the result produced or which could have resulted from that act, the contribution of the good to it, its significance for the person and the material state of it. Thus, the solution depends on a detailed examination of the facts, not on a mechanical application of syllogism.
The confiscation of the means of transport that has been used to illegally transport the goods and other objects across the customs border is aimed at effectively combating illicit trafficking in the national economy and, in particular, in customs security. Consequently, the interference pursues a legitimate aim. With regard to the proportionality of the measure of confiscation of the means of transport, it was examined whether there is a fair balance between the „deprivation” of the right to property and the imperative of combating the acts that jeopardize the customs security. In this respect, it is necessary to weigh the social importance of guaranteeing the fundamental right and the social importance of achieving the legitimate purpose in the concrete conditions of the case. Usually, the imperative of combating the acts that attempt customs security must prevail over the right of property. For this reason, confiscation of the means of transport which have served to illegally transport goods, objects and other values across the customs border is justified. As an exception, only in some particular cases the confiscation could disturb the fair balance and could therefore disproportionately affect the right to property. If there is a clear disproportion between the value of the means of transport and the nature or severity of the committed act, the court shall only order confiscation in part by means of money equivalents, while using as criteria of appreciation the result produced or which could have resulted from that act, the contribution of the good to it, its significance for the person and the material state of it. Thus, the solution depends on a detailed examination of the facts, not on a mechanical application of syllogism.
Description
Keywords
confiscare, securitate vamală, mijloc de transport, drept de proprietate, confiscation, customs security, means of transport, property right
Citation
RENIŢĂ, Gheorghe (2019). Poate fi confiscat mijlocul de transport folosit pentru trecerea ilegală a mărfurilor peste frontiera vamală? In: Revista Institutului Naţional al Justiţiei, nr. 3, pp. 14-21. ISSN 1857-2405