Evaluarea stabilităţii genetice în faza vegetativă timpurie la Triticum aestivum L. pentru răspunsul unor caractere morfologice la stresul de secetă şi căldură [Articol]

Abstract

Variations in climatic conditions account for approximately 36% of the variability in global winter wheat yield. The combination of drought and heat factors can have complex and sometimes contradictory effects compared to when they act separately. Traits such as Stem Length and Plant Vigor showed drastic reductions in response to drought stress induced by 16% PEG under a temperature of 22°C. The genotype M66 demonstrated index stability, indicating a high level of tolerance. In response to the combined action of drought and high temperature (43°C), the genotype LMO/M79 exhibited moderate susceptibility. Analysis of variance revealed differences in trait responses. Under combined drought and heat stress, the cumulative effect of the Genotype factor and the Genotype × Moisture Restriction interaction increased by 14.8% and 61.6%, respectively, compared to their effects under drought stress alone. Wheat varieties M614 and M66 demonstrated increased tolerance in the morphological trait responses to high temperature and combined drought and heat stress. The genotype LMO/M79 showed varying levels of susceptibility in the Tolerance Index under the three abiotic stress conditions.