Grădina Botanică Naţională (Institut) "Alexandru Ciubotaru"
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Item Conservarea resurselor de plante tinctoriale în Grădina botanică națională(CEP USM, 2024) Ciocîrlan, NinaDyes and pigments are being used since long time and find vide applications in various fields such as food, textile and paper industries. The present study is an inventory of the tinctorial plant resources maintained in the collections of National Botanical Garden (Institute), accompanied by botanical description, information on tinctorial and therapeutic values, as well as other uses in various fields. By promoting these underutilized natural resources, the aim is to stimulate the interest and entrepreneurial spirit of the young generation for the practical application of traditional knowledge inherited over time.Item INDICII DE CALITATE A MASEI PROASPETE RECOLTATE DE SPARCETĂ DE NISIP ONOBRYCHIS ARENARIA ȘI TRIFOI ROZ TRIFOLIUM HIBRIDUM(CEP USM, 2024) Ţiţei, Victor; Ababii, Alexei; Dragoș, Marcela; Gadibadi, Mihail; Doroftei, Veaceslav; Andreoiu, Andreea Cristina; Zevedei, Paul Marian; Maruşca, TeodorWe studied the quality indices of the harvested green mass from local ecotype of species Onobrychis arenaria and Trifolium hibridum grow in the experimental plot of the National Botanical Garden (Institute) ,,Alexandru Ciubotaru” MSU, Chisinau, R. Moldova. It has been determined that the dry matter of harvested plant from studied species were was characterized by 16.54-16.96% crude protein, 3.17-3.18% crude fats, 22.44-28.72% crude cellulose, 43.74-49.29% nitrogen free extract, 5.54-7.37% sugars, 1.53-1.59 starch, 7.41-8.56 % ash, 0.73-1.14% calcium, 0.25-0.26% phosphorus and energy nutritive value - 8.96-9.96 MJ/kg metabolizable energy and 5.04-5.76 MJ/kg net energy for lactation, this fact indicates a optimal quality of forage for ruminants.Item INDICII DE CALITATE A BIOMASEI DE PĂIUȘ ÎNALT, FESTUCA ARUNDINACEA ÎN MOLDOVA(CEP USM, 2024) Ţiţei, Victor; Ababii, Alexei; Blaj, Adrian Vasile; Gadibadi, Mihail; Doroftei, Veaceslav; Andreoiu, Andreea Cristina; Tod, Monica; Maruşca, TeodorWe studied the quality indices of the harvested green mass from romanian cultivars ‘Adela’ and ‘Marvla ‘ of tall fescue Festuca arundinacea grow in the experimental plot of the National Botanical Garden (Institute) “Alexandru Ciubotaru” MSU, Chisinau, R. Moldova. It has been determined that the dry matter of harvested whole plant in the second and third growing seasons from studied tall fescue contained 106-131 g/kg CP, 98-103 g/kg ash, 337-362 g/kg CF, 654-712 g/kg NDF, 338-410 g/kg ADF, 25-39 g/kg ADL, 316- 373 g/kg Cel, 278-313 g/kg HC, 44-161 g/kg TSS, with nutritive and energy value 57.0-62.5% DDM, 9.31-10.11 MJ/kg ME and 5.32-6.14 MJ/kg NEl. The tall fescue green masssubstrates used for anaerobic digestion have optimal C/N ratio, amount of lignin, hemicellulose and the biochemical methane potential of achieved 342-366 l/kg ODM.Item PARTICULARS OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT AT LYCIUM BARBARUM L. “ALExANDRU CIUBOTARU” IN THE NATIONAL BOTANICAL GARDEN(CEP USM, 2024) Tabăra, Maria; Chiorchina, Nina; Onika, Elisaveta; Kutkovski-Mushtuk, Alina; Roshca, Ion; Trofim, MarianaSunt descrise particularitățile de creștere și dezvoltare ale taxonilor de Lycium barbarum L. ′New Big′, ′Amber Sweer′ în Grădina Națională Botanică (Institutul) „Alexandru Ciubotaru”, a Universității de Stat din Moldova. Acești arbuști cresc bine, înfloresc, fructifică, se pot utiliza ca plante fructifere, medicinale, meliferă, cu înflorire de lungă durată și ornamentale. Fructele sunt delicioase, ecologice, cu efecte terapeutice benefice, bogate în substanțe biologice prețioase, în condițiile Republicii Moldova se coc treptat din iulie până în octombrie în funcție de condițiile climatice. Se disting prin conținutul ridicat și variat în produși bioactivi care poate servi ca materie primă autohtonă, pentru industria alimentară și farmaceutică. Taxonii cercetați se disting după nuanța culorii petalelor florilor, dimensiunile, și culoarea fructelor. Ei se multiplică prin microclonare şi vegetativ – prin marcotaj, butași semilignificați și lignificați, pentru a păstra proprietățile calitative ale plantei mamă.Item RARE ASPERULA L. (RUBIACEAE) SPECIES IN THE SPONTANEOUS FLORA OF REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA(CEP USM, 2024) Izverscaia, Tatiana; Ghendov, VeaceslavThe article presents new data on distribution in the spontaneous flora of the Republic of Moldova and the study results on Asperula species: Asperula rumelica Boiss. and Asperula tenella Heuff. ex Degen. – two rare species (Rubiaceae Juss. family) proposed for inclusion in the national Ecological legislation and to the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova, 4th edition. The following data for these taxa are indicated: Latin, Romanian and Russian names, synonymy, category and criteria of rarity, local distribution, habitat, limiting factors, biological and ecological characteristics, status and conservation measures protection in the republic.Item BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF ISATIS TINCTORIA AND THE QUALITY OF ENSILED BIOMASS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA(CEP USM, 2024) Guţu, Ana; Ţiţei, Victor; Ababii, Alexei; Gadibadi, Mihail; Dorofte, Veaceslav; Cozari, Sergiu; Gudima, Andrei; Andreoiu, Andreea Cristina; Tod, Monica; Cîrlig, Natalia; Mazăre, Veaceslav; Mazăre, RominaWe studied some biological features and the quality of the silage prepared from Isatis tinctoria plants cultivated in the experimental plot of the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute), Chisinau, R. Moldova. In the second growing season the local ecotype of Isatis tinctoria was characterized by fast growth and development rate, reaching 118-147 cm in height, with a content of leaves and inflorescences of 57%. I t has been determined that the dry matter of ensiled mass from the local ecotype of Isatis tinctoria was characterized by 196 g/kg CP, 160 g/kg ash, 314g/kg CF, 335 g/kg ADF, 521 g/kg NDF, 37g/kg ADL, 298 g/kg Cel, 201g/kg HC with nutritive value 628 g/kg DDM, 10.16 MJ/kg ME, 6.18 MJ/kg NEl and RFV=112, this fact indicates an optimal quality of the silages prepared for ruminants. The biochemical methane production potential of Isatis tinctoria silage substrates reached 361 L/kg VS. The ensiled biomass from the local ecotype of Isatis tinctoria can be used as alternative forage for ruminant animals, or as substrates in biogas generators for the production of renewable energy.Item ALLIUM FUSCUM WALDST. ET KIT. AND A. SPHAEROPODUM KLOKOV (ALLIACEAE) – RARE SPECIES PROPOSED FOR PROTECTION IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA(CEP USM, 2024) Ghendov, Veaceslav; Izverscaia, TatianaThe article presents data on distribution of two rare species of vascular plants – Allium fuscum Waldst. et Kit. and Allium sphaeropodum Klokov (Alliaceae Juss. family) in the spontaneous flora, proposed for protection and inclusion in the Red Book of the Republic of Moldova, 4th edition. The following data for these taxa are indicated: Latin, Romanian and Russian names, synonymy, category and criteria of rarity, general and local distribution, habitat,limiting factors, biological and ecological characteristics, aspects of cultivation and use, status and conservation measures protection in the republic.Item MOBILIZATION AND EX SITU CONSERVATION OF THE GENE POOL OF AROMATIC PLANTS IN THE BOTANICAL GARDEN(CEP USM, 2024) Colţun, MaricicaUnder the current conditions, when we witness a drastic decline in plant diver sity globally, the main mission of botanical gardens, which is the preservation and conservation of biodiversity, has become a necessity. The technological progress and the intensive use of natural resources have considerably increased the anthropogenic impact on biological diversity,essentially reducing the number of species and varieties of living organisms. In the global practice, botanical gardens are mainly involved in ex situ conservation activities, based in particular on the creation and maintenance of living plant collections and herbaria, therefore, they propose their own management based on the promotion of the concepts of biodiversity conservation and sustainable use of plant resources, the implementation and influence of the national and internationonal policy on biodiversity conservation.Item SPECII DIN GENUL REYNOUTRIA HOUTT. DIN COLECȚIILE GRĂDINII BOTANICE NAȚIONALE (INSTITUT) „ALEXANDRU CIUBOTARU”(CEP USM, 2024) Cîrlig, Natalia; Ţiţei, Victor; Ţiţei, Victor; Ababii, Alexei; Gadibadi, Mihail; Doroftei, Veaceslav; Andreoiu, Andreea CristinaThe species of the genus Reynoutria Houtt are described in the article. grown in the collection of fodder, honeydew and energy plants from the “Alexandru Ciubotaru” National Botanical Garden (Institute). The purpose of the research is the description of the phenological spectrum of Reynoutria sachalinensis and Reynoutria japonica plants, the study of the biological peculiarities of growth and development of the plants in the climatic conditions of the Republic of Moldova. The harvested biomass can be used as feed for animals or as sub strate for biomethane production.Item CONSERVAREA EX SITU ȘI CERCETAREA RESURSELOR DE PLANTE MEDICINALE ÎN GRĂDINA BOTANICĂ: GENUL TEUCRIUM L.(CEP USM, 2024) Ciocârlan, NinaThe paper presents new contributions to the study on 2 spontaneous Teucrium species (T. polium, T. chamaedrys) and 8 allochthonous taxa (T. botrys, T. amaedrys subsp. nuchense, T. flavum, T. hircanicum, T. lamiifolium, T. lucidum, T. orientale, T. scorodonia), species less exploited, but valuable in terms of therapeutic use. The study of biomorphological peculiarities of the allochthonous species revealed the high adaptive potential and the perspective of their cultivation under local climatic and soil conditions, contributing to the enrichment of theassortment of medicinal plants, constituting new sources of raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.