Facultatea de Istorie şi Filosofie / Faculty of History and Philosophy

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/8

Browse

End date: 2017Subject: search.filters.subject.Basarabia

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 10 of 22
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    CIRCULAŢIA MONETARĂ ÎN BASARABIA ÎN PRIMELE DECENII DUPĂ ANEXAREA EI LA IMPERIUL RUS *
    (CEP USM, 2011) Tomuleţ, Valentin
    Using broadly archival and published documents, the author analyzes the circulation of money in Bessarabia in the first decades after its annexation to the Russian Empire. The author finds that certain periods of time, in Bessarabia were circulating several kinds of currencies, especially Turkish, Austrian and Dutch. But mostly have spread, due to the dependence of Romanian Principalities to the Ottoman Empire, Turkish gold and silver coins with different value, called mahmud, half mahmud, a quarter of mahmud, rubia, rubeichik, beshlik, stambolik, hazelnut, etc. Tsarism intervened in money circulation in Bessarabia, seeking to reduce the exchange rate of these currencies, in favor of Russian rubles. With the introduction in 1828 of the Russian currency as a mean of money circulation throughout Bessarabia, Turkish coins were gradually removed from circulation in the domestic market of Bessarabia. Nevertheless, some Turkish coins circulated in Bessarabia until the 50s of the 19th century.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    REFLECŢII ISTORIOGRAFICE ASUPRA ISTORIEI VIEŢII MONAHALE DIN BASARABIA
    (CEP USM, 2009) Onicov, Eugen
    L’article cite les noms des auteurs et des titres des oeuvres qui ont été écrites sur l’apparition et le développement du monachisme en Bessarabie.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    UNELE ASPECTE PRIVIND BISERICA ORTODOXĂ DIN BASARABIA ÎN ANII CELUI DE AL DOILEA RĂZBOI MONDIAL (1941-1944)
    (CEP USM, 2009) Ciorbă, Veaceslav
    Pendant la période difficile de guerre, 1941-1944, l’administration ecclésiastique, les prêtres et les fidèles, soutenus par les autorités de l’État, ont réalisé un travail titanesque en vue de refaire la vieecclésiastique.Les premières actions sement de l’ordre et de la discipline, vers la reconstitution et la réparation des saintes demeures. Les trois centres épiscopaux furent dotés d’une imprimerie, une fabrique de chandelles et un atelier de vêtements et objets religieux. On a réussi à refaire l’enseignement théologique. Les deux Séminaires, de Bălţi et d’Ismail, sont restés fermés. Dans les trois centres épiscopaux, des Écoles de chantres d’église furent ouverts.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    JUDEŢUL HOTIN ÎN DESCRIERILE STATISTICE RUSEŞTI DIN ANII ’30 AI SECOLULUI AL XIX - LEA
    (CEP USM, 2017) Tomuleț, Valentin
    În baza izvoarelor de arhivă inedite, depistate în fondurile Arhivei Naţionale a Re publicii Moldova, autorul analizează schimbările care au survenit în situaţia demografică şi social - economică a judeţului Hotin în anii ’30 ai secolului al XIX - lea. Folosind datele statistice adunate şi sistematizate de administraţia judeţeană Hotin pent ru anii 1830, 1832, 1835 şi 1836, prezentate administraţiei regionale şi instituţiilor imperiale, autorul analizează mărimea, distribuţia şi compo nența populaţiei, descrie schimbările acre s - au produs în viaţa economică a judeţului Hotin în această perioad ă de timp.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    DINAMICA ȘI STRUCTURA ETNICĂ A NOBILIMII DIN BASARABIA ÎN SECOLUL AL XIX - LEA
    (CEP USM, 2017) Gherasim, Cristina
    Pe parcursul secolului al XIX-lea s-a înregistrat o creștere numerică considerabilă a nobilimii în Basarabia. Astfel,de la 836 de nobili existenți în 1817 numărul acestora s-a ridicat la 21864 de nobili înregistrați în cadrul Recensământului populației din 1897. Totodată, pe parcursul secolului al XIX-lea s-a schimbat structura etnică a nobilimii. Ca r ezultat al politicii promovate în regiune, structura etnică a devenit mozaică. Dacă la începutul dominației țariste nobilimea era în majoritate autohtonă, provenea din Moldova, ulterior, prin noua politică de acordare şi confirmare a titlurilor nobiliare, aceasta devine minoritară, în rândul nobilimii basarabene fiind identificați ruși, polonezi, ucraineni etc.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    UNELE DATE CU REFERIRE LA BISERICA ARMEANĂ „ ÎNVIEREA DOMNULUI ” DIN CHIŞINĂU
    (CEP USM, 2017) Gumenâi, Ion
    Articolul de faţă se referă la istoria urbanistică a Chişinăului, iardacă esă fim mai precişi –la construcţia Bisericii armene „Învierea Domnului”ridicateîn cimitirul armenesc din această urbe. O atenţie aparte se acordă unor documente ce au fost colectate la Arhivele Naţionale ale Armeniei.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    IDENTITATEA SOCIALĂ ÎN MEDIUL NOBILIMII DIN BASARABIA ÎN SECOLUL AL XIX-LEA
    (Muzeul Naţional de Arheologie şi Istorie a Moldovei, 2017) Gherasim, Cristina
    L’identité sociale est l’identité qui est donné à l’indivu en raison de la localisation, la fonction, les rôles, le statue qui lui revient dans la société. La manifestation de l’identité sociale est visible dans le cadre de la société en raison de la présence de diverses catégories social, chacune ayant son statut, ses droits et ses privilèges. Mais la noblesse est un exemple classique dans ce sens, en étant l’élite de la société, elle est considèré et souvent indentifi é comme une communité distincte au sein d’un Êtat, supérieure aux autres groupes sociaux en raison de leur statue dans la société.A savoir les droits et les privilèges de la noblèsse de la Bessarabie ont conditioné la diference sociale entre cette catégories et les autres exisstente sur le teritoire entre Prut et Nistru. Les manifestations les plus eloquentes de l’indentité sociale etait l’attitudes des nobles envers les paysans et les tsiganes ils leur impose leur statut social supérieur. Cépendant l’identité sociale de la noblesse de la Bessarabie se manifeste par le mode de la vie, les logement, les occupations les études, la vestimentation, l’alimentation, le loisirs etc., ainsi et par le comportement, les attitudes, les visions et les valeurs promovés de cette catégorie sociale.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    CONSIDERAȚII PRIVIND COMPETENȚELE CONSILIULUI SUPREM AL BASARABIEI (28 august 1816 - 29 februarie 1828)
    (Muzeul Naţional de Arheologie şi Istorie a Moldovei, 2016) Tomuleț, Valentin; Baxan, Angela
    The Supreme Council of the Bessarabian Oblast as the supreme legislative, administrative and judicial authority of Bessarabia was formed from among the members of the two departments of the regional government on August 28, 1816, reorganized (in the source - established) on April 29, 1818 and authorized to carry out the organizational, administrative, economic, and judicial functions. After the Charter on the Formation of the Bessarabian Oblast was adopted on April 29, 1918, the administrative and judicial power in the region was held by the Supreme Council. Its competence includes monitoring and verification of all matters relating to decision-making in the executive, public and economic spheres, criminal and procedural affairs, and civil law; it was as well involved in all matters relating to movable, immovable, and land property. Its decisions, being approved by a majority vote, were not subject to appellate review and implemented immediately. Those who did not agree with a decision of the Supreme Council could appeal against this decision to the State Council through the Minister of Justice or the General Prosecutor. The decisions of special importance, which required further amendments or new resolutions, were considered at the general meeting of the Supreme Council on the proposal of the Governor-General, or, in his absence, the civil governor. The amendments were to be submitted for approval to the State Council by the Governor-General or the General Prosecutor. The Supreme Council consisted of 11 members: five members appointed (Namestnik (who held the office of President), the Governor, Deputy Governor, presidents of criminal and civil courts) and six members elected by the local nobility for a period of 3 years, whose appointment was to be confirmed by the Namestnic of Bessarabia and the regional marshal of the nobility. The Supreme Council Decisions were approved by a quorum of 6 people and were final. The Supreme Council included: the Namestnik of Bessarabia (who held the office of President) – Lieutenant-General M.S. Vorontsov; the civil governor – the official of 4th grade Catacazi; deputy governor – the official of 5th grade Krupensky; the regional marshal of the nobility – the official of 6th grade Sturdza; the president of criminal court – the official of 5th grade Kurik; the president of the civil court – the official of 6th grade Basota as well as 4 deputies: officials of 11th grade Katargi and Donici, the official of 7th grade Pruncul, and the official of 6th grade Kazimir. Particularly important issues and matters relating to changes to the normative acts were considered at plenary meetings of the Supreme Council, on the proposal of the Namestnik of Bessarabia, or, in his absence, on the proposal of the civil governor. Taken decisions, accompanied by an explanatory note of the President of the Council, through the General Prosecutor, were dispatched for the approval to the State Council. If the discussed issues were of minor importance, the presence of the President of the Supreme Council at the meetings was not mandatory. In the absence of the President, the Supreme Council presidency was taken over by the person who held the highest office in the administrative hierarchy of Bessarabia. The Supreme Council of Bessarabia was abolished by the Regulation of February 29, 1828.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    REFLECȚII ISTORIOGRAFICE PRIVIND STATUTUL RUPTAȘILOR DIN BASARABIA SUB DOMINAȚIE ȚARISTĂ (ANII 1812-1847)
    (Muzeul Naţional de Arheologie şi Istorie a Moldovei, 2016) Tomuleț, Valentin
    In this article, without touching the status and evolution of the fiscal category of ruptashi considered by the author in previous articles along with the category of mazyli, there is analyzed a long and varied process of this category understanding by different researchers in new and modern historiography, which indirectly or specifically focused on this topic. Analyzing the existing concepts, the author comes to the conclusion that almost all researchers in the 19th-early 21st centuries consider the ruptashi a privileged class: the ancestors of foreign colonists – Bulgarians, Serbs, and others, who settled in the area during the time of the Moldavian government; farmers who have been from the category of clergy and ministers of the church by origin. Rupta de vistierie and rupta de cămară were equated with raznochintsy; rupta de vistierie paid taxes to the treasury, and rupta de cămară – personally to the rulers (cămara). After the annexation of the territory by Russia ruptashi lost almost all their privileges and social prestige. Most researchers tend to see in ruptashi a social category, while in reality they were a fiscal category. Archival sources indicate that ruptashi had a heterogeneous composition, which included both local and foreign people from the rural and urban environment, migrated to Moldova. They were not included in the category of the privileged classes, using only certain privileges, had no permanent residence and had not been enrolled in the category of birnichi (tax-payers). Their privileges with some difficulties were confirmed by the imperial administration, but in 1847 the fiscal category of ruptashi had been liquidated, and they were included in the category of odnodvortsy. The analysis of the examined works, which indirectly or specifically address the issue under discussion, allows the author to conclude that the fiscal category of ruptashi (later - the odnodvortsy) is not sufficiently covered in the studies, and this theme is still waiting for its researcher.