Facultatea de Istorie şi Filosofie / Faculty of History and Philosophy
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Item REFLECTAREA PROCESELOR ETNO-CULTURALE DIN SEC. II-XIV DIN SPAŢIUL PRUTO-NISTREAN ÎN CERCETĂRILE ETNO-FOLCLORICE SOVIETICE(2007) Matveev, SergiuThe ethnography form the former Soviet Union in the context of researches in the Prut-Dnestr area represents a discipline that is strongly attached to the main historical tendencies in the 1950s, without an opening toward external confrontations and lack of intellectual autonomy. The ethno-folkloric investigations have had the purpose to prove that the ethno-cultural processes from I -beginning II millennium AD have ended with the “formation of moldovan people” through the symbiosis of eastern Slavs with the Volochs. There have been often invented some artificial arguments of ethnographic and folkloric aspect that emphasize the progressive role of Slavs.Item CERCETĂRILE ARHEOLOGICE LA SITUL TRACO-GETIC SAHARNA „LA ŞANŢ” (CAMPANIA 2006)(2007) Zanoci, Aurel; Băţ, MihailDuring the archeological researches conducted near Saharna and Saharna Noua villages a new fortified settlement was discovered – Saharna “La Şanţ”. It is located eastward of the fortified settlement Saharna Mare, on the steep bank of a deep ravine (fig. 1/1). The site of ancient settlement is semi-oval shaped, 180×65 m in size (fig. 1/2).The settlement was protected by the steep bank of the ravine on the north side and by a defence construction on the west, east and south sides. Five household pits containing various ceramic material (fig. 2; 3) were discovered following archeological researches conducted in 2006. Four spinning spindles, fragment of a stone grain grater and numerous fragments of ceramic vessels were discovered in the cultural layer of the settlement (fig. 4-6). The discovered inventory can be dated with the 6 th -3rd c. BC.Item SISTEMUL DEFENSIV AL CETĂŢII DIN EPOCA FIERULUI – SAHARNA MARE(2007) Niculiţă, Ion; Zanoci, Aurel; Arnăut, TudorToday over 82 Iron Age monuments are known in the area of the Middle Dniester, Central Moldavian Hills. The most impressive monuments are situated on high promontories and heights close to Saharna village, Republic of Moldova. These sites of ancient settlements and villages are known since the end of the 40s of the 20 th c., when G. D. Smirnov carried out the first reconnaissance excavations. Saharna Mare settlement stands out among these monuments. Since 2001 systematic archeological research has been carried out on the site. Saharna Mare is situat- ed on a high stony triangular promontory surrounded from all sides by deep inaccessible ravines. The promontory is accessible only from the South. Archeological research proves that the site was populated as early as the Early Iron Age when a Hallstatt settlement of Saharna-Solonceni type was founded there. Consequently the promontory was fortified in the south by a complex system of defence. It contained a wall which went from south-east to north- west, with a ditch and three semicircular ramparts in the centre and flanks. A comprehensive study of Saharna Mare fortifications offers certain corrections to our understanding of the con- struction methods at ancient settlements in the 1 st millennium BC. Remains of earth mounds almost always are wrecks of a once erected “wall”. The analysis of the main line of defensive system and two ramparts (the third is demolished) has shown that the fortification was constructed out of a timber wooden drainage placed on the lev- elled surface. In order to save the wooden flooring from moisture the gap was filled by sand. The timber drainage which was the footing of the fortification was pierced by poles located evenly and strengthened by longitudinal and transversal beams on different levels. This wooden carcass was filled by earth, stones, sand and clay. To ensure the preservation of the fortification the framework was filled by building material layer by layer. The outer sides of walls of the majority of settlements which were constructed following these methods have a 2-2,7 m wide berm. It was used as a base for a construction of clay and crushed stones aimed at protecting the wooden wall from fires, and it was thicker at its bottom and narrowing on its way to the top. Ca. 2 meters away from its southern outer side a ditch was dug, with its width at the mouth varying between 16,5- 18,0 m. Excavations have shown that in antiquity the width of the ditch on the surface was ca. 15,6 m, at the bottom – 6,1 m, the depth was 3,2 m, and its 2,1 m was dug out of the stony base of the promontory. Horseshoe-shaped ramparts which were bordering the ditch were built using the same methodology. The precise time of erection and demolition of the defences is so far difficult to establish with any precision. Following the analysis of the discovered material it is obvious that all of them were intact and functioning in the 4 th –3d c. BCItem PHILOSOPHICAL PRACTICE APPLIED TO DEMOCRATIZATION PROCESS(CEP USM, 2007) Spinei, AngelaArticolul vine să exploreze axele mentale autohtone, în scopul cercetării funcţionalităţii modelului democratic occi-dental. Observaţiile directe asupra realităţii sociale din Republica Moldova demonstrează o rezistenţă mentală la adop-tarea valorilor democratice. Astfel lucrarea se structurează în jurul a şase concepte esenţiale: identitate – suveranitate – structură socială – democraţie – dialog socratic – practicitransformative. În opinia autoarei, o societate democratică autentică poate fi formată numai în baza unei comunităţi de Ego-uri suverane. La rândul ei, suveranitatea va fi definită ca structură internă a individului, în care „Dreptul se referă la viaţa în sine şi o include”. Un Ego suveran va avea capacitatea de a fi flexibil şi de a recunoaşte Alteritatea. Analizând societatea moldovenească, ajungem la concluzia că aceasta nu poate fi numită democratică a moment. Filosofia va interveni în construcţia Ego-ului suveran, prin intermediul dialogului socratic modern, sau al consilierii filosofice, şi utilizând strategii şi tehnici de flexibilizare a personalităţii, numite sintetic tehnici de hermeneutică situaţională.Item INTUIŢIA ŞI MISTICISMUL ÎN EXPERIENŢA RELIGIOASĂ CU O INCURSIUNE ÎN FILOSOFIA ANTICĂ ŞI MODERNĂ(CEP USM, 2007) Brăilă, EugeniuAlmost everyone is ready to admit that religious averments have as a foundation onesbeliefs. But what is the relationship between religious beliefs and knowledge? Is it religious belief emotional, intellectual or willed? Religious averments are based on authority, speculations, or personal preconceptions? The fact that religious reality is known not by feelings or philosophical reasoning, but by intuition was affirmed by different scholars that insist that God needs to be found in personal inner experience of the humankind as an instanta-neous revelation of the religious absolute. Some of them argued for rational intuition and others for sensorial intuition. In this article we are looking on both this views.Item FUNDAMENTAREA UNITĂŢII ŞI DIVERSITĂŢII PROCESULUI ISTORIC(CEP USM, 2007) Dodul, DumitruThe approach of diversity and unity of historical process presents an analysis of the problem is the interpretation by the partisans of historisism, as well as by the researchers which are the adepts of the unhistorical concept (they do not recognize the universal laws which would stay at the basis of society, culture and evolution). The historical process presents a large field of demographical, social, political, economic, and ethnical evolution which is the basis of humanity and history. In the present article we value the principal components of human society which can elucidate the tendencies of historical course through the unity and the diversity of the historical process.Item CORPUL UMAN SAU ÎNTRE „A FI” ŞI „A AVEA”(CEP USM, 2007) Munteanu, Natalia; Stafii, AngelaCet article représente une analyse philosophique sur le problème du corps et sur le rapport entre l’homme et son propre corps. L’homme se perçoit comme son propre corps, dans les paramètres de son existence corporelle et on s’interroge sur le problème: est-il son corps ou il a un corps?Item IMAGINEA – PREZENŢĂ ŞI ABSENŢĂ METAFIZICĂ(CEP USM, 2007) Crudu, LiudmilaThe article “Image – metaphysical presence and absence” is concerned with images’ ontological and metaphysical status. It means that image is studied in the situation when it is present, like mental contents, like independent being, like exterior appearance of the mental contents. In the other way image is studied in the meaning of absence, when it is present only like a subjective concept of conscience. The importance of this report is to concentrate on the explanation of dependence between thestateofpresence and absence of image. The image’s intermediate place is a concordance of these both parts of its being. The image is present in the exterior reality and human conscience, but it is absent in the objective reality, because its contents are rather changeable, and it is impossible to analyze it like a constant thing.Item SPAŢIUL COTIDIAN CONTEMPORAN: INTERPRETĂRI FILOSOFICE(CEP USM, 2007) Palamarciuc, Viorica; Saharneanu, EudochiaA présent, dans le contexte social contemporain, la vie quotidienne est un des domaines les plus privilégiés. Ayant comme point de départ la complexité de définir le quotidien de l’existence humaine, nous nous proposons d’étudier les métamorphoses spatiales et les nouvelles formations spatiales, qui sont en dépendance de la perception de l’altérité. Les espaces contemporains sontencore définis par le problème de la délimitation entre publique et privé.Item CONCEPTE SOCIAL-POLITICE ÎN CRONOGRAFIA ROMÂNEASCĂ DIN SEC.XVI-XVII(CEP USM, 2007) Căldare, DumitruDans cet article l’auteur analyse certains concepts socio-politiques de la chronographie roumaine (XVI-XVII-e siècles) exposés par les chroniqueurs Gr.Ureche, M.Costin, I.Neculce dans “La chronique du Pays Moldave”, “L’histoire du Pays Roumain” etc. concernant les faits et les événements historiques, la véridicité historique, le progrès et le déclin de la société, le cours des années et la vie des dirigeants régnants, les perspectives de l’évolution de la société, la continuité, l’irréversibilité, le gouvernement divin, les transformations quantitatives et qualitatives, la physionomie sociale, la négation de la négation, la barbarie.
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