Facultatea de Istorie şi Filosofie / Faculty of History and Philosophy

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Author: search.filters.author.Tomuleţ, ValentinEnd date: 2015

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    EXODUL POPULAŢIEI DIN BASARABIA ÎN MOLDOVA DE PESTE PRUT (ANII 1812-1828)
    (2012) Tomuleţ, Valentin
    Question regarding the exodus of the population from Bessarabia to Principality of Moldova in the first years after its annexation to the Russian Empire has not been investigated in historiography, although many historians have ascertained that exodus, but without trying to investigate problems related to emigration as a social phenomenon and, based on archival documents, to attempt to solve them. In this study the author, based on new unpublished archival documents, highlights and discusses only the most important aspects of this phenomenon: 1. presence of exodus as a social phenomenon in Bessarabia in the early years after its annexation to the Russian Empire; 2. factors that caused the exodus; 3. ways and means of population fleeing from Bessarabia over the Prut River; 4. measures taken by regional and imperial administration to stop the exodus; 5. relations between imperial and regional administration of Bessarabia and the Moldavian prince to return fugitives; 6. measures of punishment of the fugitives that were caught at the border of Bessarabia and those the Moldovan government returned to Bessarabia etc.. The author finds that the exodus of population from Bessarabia to the right side of the Prut is explained by the extremely depressed state of the population, caused by Russian military occupation in previous years, especially during the Russian-Turkish wars of 1806-1812, 1828-1829, by economic ruin of the peasants, the overgrowth of taxes and by the fact that this population had lost confidence in local and regional administration to assuage their sufferings.
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    CIRCULAŢIA MONETARĂ ÎN BASARABIA ÎN PRIMELE DECENII DUPĂ ANEXAREA EI LA IMPERIUL RUS *
    (CEP USM, 2011) Tomuleţ, Valentin
    Using broadly archival and published documents, the author analyzes the circulation of money in Bessarabia in the first decades after its annexation to the Russian Empire. The author finds that certain periods of time, in Bessarabia were circulating several kinds of currencies, especially Turkish, Austrian and Dutch. But mostly have spread, due to the dependence of Romanian Principalities to the Ottoman Empire, Turkish gold and silver coins with different value, called mahmud, half mahmud, a quarter of mahmud, rubia, rubeichik, beshlik, stambolik, hazelnut, etc. Tsarism intervened in money circulation in Bessarabia, seeking to reduce the exchange rate of these currencies, in favor of Russian rubles. With the introduction in 1828 of the Russian currency as a mean of money circulation throughout Bessarabia, Turkish coins were gradually removed from circulation in the domestic market of Bessarabia. Nevertheless, some Turkish coins circulated in Bessarabia until the 50s of the 19th century.
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    BOICOTAREA DE CĂTRE FUNCŢIONARII RUŞI A APLICĂRII LIMBII MOLDOVENEŞTI (ROMÂNE) ÎN PROCEDURA JUDICIARĂ DIN BASARABIA (29 APRILIE 1818 – 29 FEBRUARIE 1828) (Cazul isprăvniciilor Bender şi Hotin)
    (CEP USM, 2011) Tomuleţ, Valentin; Emilciuc, Andrei
    Based on original and published archival documents, the authors put in discussion the problem of the employed in the regional and district state institutions Russian officials’ boycott of application of the Romanian (Moldovan) language in court proceedings in Bessarabia. Holding various positions in the district administrations, Russian officials were violating the Regulation of April 29, 1818, which stipulated the application of Romanian and Russian language in court proceedings in Bessarabia, refusing to accept cases in Romanian in these institutions. Original document of November 5,1827, published in the Appendix, reveals in detail the thesis argued by the authors.
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    SCHIMBĂRI ÎN STRUCTURA SOCIALĂ A SOCIETĂŢII BASARABENE CONFORM „REGULAMENTULUI” DIN 29 APRILIE 1818
    (CEP USM, 2008) Tomuleţ, Valentin
    In this paper, based on archival and published sources, the changes that occurred in social structure of Bessarabian society after the application in Bessarabia of the Regulation of 29th April 1818 are analyzed. The author ascertains that in order to maintain its dominance in the newly annexed territory tsarism used the already known means of displacement of titular nation, largely applied at the national pe riphery of the Russian empire – the change of demographic structure by colonization of lands with foreigners – Russians, Ukrainians, Bulgarians, Gagau- zians, Germans, Greeks, Armenians, Jews etc.; denationalization of Bessarabian Romanians – russification by education, state administration, the policy of dispersal of population; alienation of spiritual values of the nation and composing of a cosmopolite elite, based on a different system of values, heterogeneous for Romanian people etc. The author demonstrates that a special role in accomplishing of social policy, which appeared quite pronounced right after the annexation, was played by the tsarism’s attitude toward different social categories of the population, especially by support of laic and ecclesiastic proprietors, granting of land to Russian nobles, intense colonization of the territory etc., that eventually generated a catenation of protests and demands of peasants and townspeople against this regime. As a result, the baleful consequences of social policy promoted by imperial administration manifested during the whole period of the Russian domination, and the outcomes caused by truncation of the Country and dismembering of the people are still felt even today.