Facultatea de Biologie și Geoştiinţe / Faculty of Biology and Geosciences

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    Assessing genetic diversity in triticale populations using iPBS markers [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Golovcova, Svetlana
    This article aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the iPBS (inter-Primer Binding Site) molecular marker system, leveraging mobile genetic elements, for genotyping diverse triticale accessions sourced from the collection of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection. The objectives included the isolation and purification of genomic DNA from 7-day-old triticale seedlings of 'Ingen-54' and 'Ingen-93' genotypes, the empirical determination of optimal iPBS primer efficiency through a series of experimental amplifications, and the subsequent selection of highly informative primers for triticale genotyping. Standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications were conducted utilizing specific iPBS primers (Pb13, Pb20, Pb21), followed by electrophoretic separation of amplification products on agarose gel. Amplification produced 33 clear, 100% polymorphic loci. POPGENE analysis revealed high informativeness (Nei’s gene diversity h=0.1290, Shannon index I=0.2403) despite low genetic distance (0.0074–0.0169) between the closely related varieties. Primers Pb20 and Pb21 generated the most polymorphic loci. These results confirm the high utility of iPBS markers for genetic diversity assessment and cultivar identification in triticale breeding, even for closely related genotypes.
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    EFFICIENCY OF MICROSATELLITE MARKERS IN GENOTYPING OF OROBANCHE CUMANA POPULATIONS
    (Iasi University of Life Sciences, 2021-10-21) Mutu, Ana; Clapco, Steliana; Duca, Maria
    Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) markers are widely dispersed across the genome, have a codominant and multiallelic nature, high variability and informativeness, and a specific chromosomal location. For this reason, they are playing a significant role in different fundamental and applicable fields, including genetic studies at the individual, population, species levels, and molecular breeding programs. In this study, the utility of 15 microsatellite markers in discrimination of 33 Orobanche cumana (broomrape) populations from different geographical locations was assessed: Republic of Moldova (11 populations), Romania (1), Bulgaria (4), Serbia (7), Turkey (7) and China (3). The PCR amplification products obtained showed differences by number and size depending on the markers used (3 and 16 alleles). A total of 110 alleles with fragment sizes ranged from 76-343 bp were determined. The evaluation of the genetic polymorphism of SSR markers was performed by the effective number of alleles per locus (Ne) with an average of 5.31, Polymorphic Information Content index (PIC) – 0.75, Nei's genetic diversity index (H) – 0.78 and, Resolving Power index (Rp) – 5.79. High values of all indices revealed the significant informative capacity and effectiveness of markers studied. At the same time, most markers showed PIC values higher than 0.5, indicating a high polymorphism in O. cumana populations. Seven microsatellite markers (Ocum-052, Ocum-059, Ocum-074, Ocum-081, Ocum-087, Ocum-196, Ocum-197) were selected based on the analyzed statistical parameters, suggesting that these markers can efficiently measure genetic diversity in broomrape. Based on the Rp index and PIC values of these 15 SSR markers, genetic diversity of Turkish (Rp: 4.774; PIC: 0,722) and Moldavian (Rp: 4.394; PIC: 0,716) Orobanche cumana populations was higher than in other populations. However, the studied microsatellite (SSR) markers system characterized very well the genetic structure of all O. cumana populations included in this study. Selected markers could eventually be useful for breeders and sunflower seed producers to improve their control strategies for this parasitic plant.