Facultatea de Biologie și Geoştiinţe / Faculty of Biology and Geosciences

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    PARTICULARITĂȚILE CONDIȚIILOR AGROMETEOROLOGICE ALE PRIMĂVERII ANULUI 2024 ȘI IMPACTUL LOR ASUPRA FAZELOR DE DEZVOLTARE A PRINCIPALELOR CULTURI AGRICOLE
    (CEP USM, 2024) Boian, Ilie; Mîndru, Galin
    The growth and development of the main agricultural crops in the Republic of Moldova are highly dependent on the agroclimatic conditions of the spring season. In this paper we aimed to identify the relationship between the agroclimatic conditions created in the spring of 2024 and the respective state of the main agricultural crops throughout the territory of the Republic of Moldova based on SHS data. The data used in the work were systematized, processed, interpreted graphically and cartographically, with the use of statistical programs - Statgraphics, Instat Plus and QGis, in accordance with the proposed objectives. A special role on agricultural crops in the spring season is played by meteorological and climatic risk phenomena. At the same time, we tried to highlight the peculiarities of the agroclimatic conditions in the spring of 2024 against the very diverse background of these conditions, which can be created in the spring season, in general. The analysis of the obtained results reveals that for the territory of the republic, the agroclimatic conditions in the spring season are favorable for the growth and development of the main agricultural crops. Knowing the agroclimatic conditions of the spring season is particularly informative for establishing the terms of cultivation and the date of manifestation of the ontogenetic phases, and less informative for forecasting the final harvest.
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    IMPACTUL VALURILOR DE CĂLDURĂ ȘI A SECETELOR DIN ULTIMELE DOUĂ DECENII ASUPRA ROADEI DE FLOAREA-SOARELUI ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
    (CEP USM, 2023-02-13) Boian, Ilie; Domenco, Rodion; Duca, Maria
    In the present study, with the help of modern statistical programs, the processing and analysis of factual data regarding weather and climate conditions in the Republic of Moldova and the size of the sunflower crop for the period 2001-2021 was carried out. Thus, it was established that the average air temperatures during the vegetation period during the years 2001-2020 oscillated between 17.1 and 20.4°C heat, and the average amounts of atmospheric precipitation during that period, oscillated between 190 and 416 mm. The analysis of climate indices for the evaluation of droughts in the Republic of Moldova for the period of 2001-2020 demonstrated that the droughts of 2007, 2012, 2015 and 2020 according to intensity were strong and very strong, and according to the occupied surface (approx. 80-90% of the territory of the republic) were catastrophic. Thus, the annual global production of sunflowers in the period 2001-2021 varied within very large limits, from 160 thousand tons in 2007 to 811 thousand tons in 2017 and 2019. Also, the impact of strong droughts and very strong from the years 2007, 2012, 2015 and 2020 on the productivity of the sunflower crop at country level.