Facultatea de Biologie și Geoştiinţe / Faculty of Biology and Geosciences

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Start date: 2022Subject: search.filters.subject.productivity

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    Evaluation of genetic diversity: a study on morphological and physiological traits of local and introduced durum wheat (Triticum Durum desf.) genotypes [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Aliyeva, Dursun L.; Musayeva, Sevinc E.
    Wheat is the most widely consumed staple food in the world and provides more nourishment for humans than any other food source. This study evaluated the genetic parameters of selected morphological and physiological traits using 77 durum wheat genotypes (8 local and 69 introduced). The research was conducted from 2022 to 2024 in the Field Laboratory of Grains and Legumes at Azerbaijan State Agrarian University. The wheat was cultivated in Ganja using a completely randomized design under winter wheat growing conditions. Phenological stages were recorded according to the Kuperman method, from emergence to full maturity. Morphological traits such as plant height (PH, cm) excluding awns, spike length (SL, cm), number of spikelets per spike (SNS), number of grains per spike (GNS), grain weight per spike (GWS), thousand kernel weight (TKW, g), and grain yield (GY, kg/m²) were measured. The longest SL was recorded as 12.10 cm in genotype GDP-647, and the shortest was 5.0 cm in genotype Ganja. Twenty-two genotypes showed superior SL performance compared to the check varieties. In the first year, Ganja-8 had 18 SNS, while in the second year it reached 25. The lowest SNS was 13 in genotype GDP-560. Ganja-1 had the highest GNS with 4.30, and GDP-682 had the lowest with 1.2. TKW ranged widely, from 55.30 g (GDP-669) to 31.30 g (GDP-457). The lowest spike density was found in GDP-597 (17.80), while the highest was 35.0 in Ganja-6 and Ganja-7. The study provided a comparative overview of phenological development in local and introduced genotypes, revealing a significant local adaptation effect in introduced genotypes. Among locals, Ganja-5 and Ganja-8 exhibited high phenological performance. Cluster analysis based on estimates grouped genotypes into four main clusters according to traits such as PH, SL, SNS, GNS, GWS, TKW, and spike density. Notably, local genotypes Ganja-5 and Ganja-8 demonstrated strong phenological development and adaptability, indicating their potential for breeding programs.
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    Productivity and biochemical composition of the green microalga haematococcus pluvialis flotow CNM-AV-05 cultivated in the presence of some alcohols [Articol]
    (CEP USM, 2024) Dudnicenco, Tatiana
    Some alcohols have stimulating action on the productivity and biochemical composition of the green microalga Haematococcus pluvialis Flotow-CNM-AV-05. From all alcohols tested, the best results were obtained by adding 3.0 ml/l isopropanol for the non-axenic culture and 0.5 ml/l for the axenic culture to the algal nutrient medium. This alcohol can be used as a regulator of Haematococcus pluvialis growth and biosynthetic activity.
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    Эффективность использования зерна кукурузы в кормлении телят [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2024) Богданович, Ирина
    The results obtained during the production inspection to establish the dependence of productivity and physiological condition of calves on feeding grain in whole and crushed form confirmed the previously made conclusions about the possibility of effective inclusion of grain in the composition of compound feeds in a ratio of 70:30%. It was found that the cultivation of animals in the dairy period on compound feeds with the introduction of whole and crushed corn grains in the amount of 30% by weight, allows in the post-dairy period to obtain average daily increases at the level of 888 and 871 g or 5.5 and 3.5% higher than control, while reducing the cost of growth by 4.8 and 2.7 percent.
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    VARIABILITATEA CARACTERELOR CANTITATIVE ALE PLANTELOR DE IN OBȚINUTE PRIN MUTAGENEZA INDUSĂ
    (CEP USM, 2023) Cuțitaru, Doina
    Mutageneza indusă s-a dovedit a fi o metodă flexibilă, funcțională și gata de utilizat pentru orice cultură, în plus, este o tehnologie care necesită costuri reduse. Permite a obține și a cultiva soiuri noi mutante cu un potențial productiv foarte ridicat. Pentru a investiga efectul mutagen al iradierii gamma (γ) semințele de in ale celor trei soiuri selectate (Kaufmann, Dichl 8 și Belinka) au fost tratate cu dozele de 400, 500, 600 și 700 Gy, folosind ca sursă de iradiere izotopul Cobalt 60. Pe parcurs s-au monitorizat fazele fenologice de dezvoltare și s-au evaluat parametrii morfologici. Din analiza a mai multor parametri s-a observat că doza de iradiere 400 Gy a fost cea mai eficientă și a manifestat cea mai amplă variabilitate fenotipică, iar cea de 700 Gy s-a dovedit a fi mai puțin eficientă.
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    GENOTYPES OF SALVIA SCLAREA ESTABLISHMENT OF ESSENTIAL OIL
    (CEP USM, 2022-09-29) Cotelea, Ludmila; Gonceariuc, Maria; Balmuș, Zinaida; Butnaraș, Violeta; Botnarenco, Pantelimon
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    EVALUAREA UNOR PARAMETRI CANTITATIVI LA GENOTIPURILE DIN COLECȚIA DE SESAMUM INDICUM L.
    (CEP USM, 2022) Mogîlda, Anatolii; Ganea, Anatolie
    Această lucrare a fost realizată în baza datelor obținute în câmpul experimental și în laborator pe parcursul a trei ani de studii. Astfel, au fost evaluați unii parametri cantitativi la genotipurile de susan mediu tardive și tardive din cadrul colecției. S-a constatat că cele mai productive mostre mediu tardive sunt: L1 (7,9 g) și Iubileinâi (8,9 g), comparativ cu standardul Cadet (7 g). Mostrele tardive Liano (9,5 g), Dulce (8,2 g), Serebristâi (8,9 g) și Zalt Sadovzri (7,8 g), s-au dovedit a fi cele mai productive față de standardul Cadet (7 g), De asemenea, dintre mostrele productive, Manjurschii ulucișennâi (56,3%), Zalt Sadovzri (56%) și Liano (56,3%) au înregistrat un conținut de ulei apropiat de standardul Cadet (57%).