Facultatea de Biologie și Geoştiinţe / Faculty of Biology and Geosciences
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Item Pool and diversity of prokaryotes of carbonate chernozem of long-term field experience of Moldova [Articol](Editura USM, 2025) Frunze, NinaFor the first time in Moldova, changes in microbiological indicators obtained using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in carbonate chernozem were studied depending on the type of land use under different anthropogenic loads. The work used soil samples from winter wheat crop rotation of long-term field experiments of different types of use: without fertilizers, mineral and organic background, as well as 75-year-old fallow land . A high diversity of genetic information with a spectrum consisting of 17 phyla was established. According to the International Committee on Prokaryotic Taxonomy (2021), they are new, identified and / or confirmed by metagenomic analysis. The prokaryotic pool varied from 0.01% to 46.53%: Actinomycetota (38.17-46.53%), Pseudomonadota (19.60-27.02%), Bacillota (7.32-22.40%), Bacteroidota (5.31-8.55%), Acidobacteriota (1.94-3.32%), Verrucomicrobiota (1.37-2.09%), Myxococcota (1.09-1.71%), Nitrospirota (0.15-0.65%), Planctomycetota (0.58-0.65%), Gemmatimonadota (0.36-0.58%), Patescibacteria (0.08-0.17%), Cyanobacteriota (0.05-0.08%), Chloroflexota (0.03-0.07%), Fibrobacterota (0.01-0.05%), Abditibacteriota (0.01-0.07%), Bdellovibrionota(0.01-0.011%), and Nitrososphaerota (7.32-22.4%). The first 16 are representatives of the Bacteria domain, and the Nitrososphaerota phylum belongs to the Archaea domain. Based on the results of multiple observations of the content of conserved DNA regions of different phylogenetic groups in the soil, it can be concluded that the prokaryotic community is susceptible to the type of chernozem use. As an alternative to soil conditions, bacteria act in the following sequence: soil without fertilizers → organic background → mineral background → fallow land, and archaea - vice versa.Item Procariotele edafice – parte componentă importanтă a solului și indice sensibil de sănătate al acestuia [Articol](CEP USM, 2025) Frunze, NinaS-a stabilit că spectrul comunităților procariote ale cernoziomului studiat este format din 15 filumuri: Pseudomonadota, Actinomycetota, Nitrosophaerota, Bacteroidota, Bacillota, Acidobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Myxococcota, Cyanobacteria, Gemmatimonadota, Nitrospirota, Patescibacteria, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexota și Fibrobacterota. Dintre aceștia, 14 sunt reprezentanți ai domeniului Bacteria (91,85-88,37%) și unul – Nitrosophaerota – este reprezentant al domeniului Archaea (8,15-11,63%). Reprezentanții puțin studiati, dar potențiali prezenți în sol de la începutul timpurilor, ai domeniului Archaea au fost identificați în toate variantele experimentale. Numai filumurile Gemmatimonadota, Nitrospirota, Patescibacteria, Planctomycetota, Chloroflexota și Fibrobacterota au avut o pondere <1% și au constituit procariotele rar întâlnite. Procariotele edafice, având o pondere însemnată în structura substanței vii din soluri, la interacțiunea sa cu părțile nevii în concurența pentru substanțele nutritive, determină formarea de comunități microbiene diferențiate și reprezintă, astfel, nu numai o parte componentă importantă a solului și un factor principal de formare a lui, dar și un indice sensibil al stării de sănătate al acestuia.Item Sănătatea solului – condiție importantă pentru dăinuirea sănătății omului [Articol](CEP USM, 2024) Frunze, NinaIn this work, soil health was assessed, using the relationship between phytopathogenic and suppressive micromycete species as integral indicators of the microbial response to long-term anthropogenic impact. The micromycete communities of the typical chernozem with different humus content of two pedoclimatic zones of the Republic of Moldova served as the object of study. The investigations were carried out by traditional microbiological methods of study. It has been established that in the soil of both ecological zones there is a large number of microscopic fungi, including phytopathogens and toxin formers in the structure of microbial communities. The comparative study of the share of suppressive and phytopathogenic micromycetes showed that their parallel coexistence is presented in different proportions with the obvious dominance of representatives of the genus Fusarium. The predominance of phytopathogenic and toxin-forming species in the structure of the microbial community indicates a state of deep stress in the soil microbiocenosis, an unhealthy development of the soil microflora during its long processing and a poor state of soil health as a whole.Item MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF PROKARYOTIC MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES IN A TYPICAL CHERNOZEM(CEP USM, 2022-09-29) Frunze, NinaItem THE INFLUENCE OF THE AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON THE SOIL MICROBIOME(CEP USM, 2022-09-29) Artiomov, Laurenția; Frunze, Nina