Facultatea de Biologie și Geoştiinţe / Faculty of Biology and Geosciences

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://msuir.usm.md/handle/123456789/4

Browse

Author: search.filters.author.Duca, MariaSubject: search.filters.subject.drought stress

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Comparative drought resistance in sunflower under controlled conditions [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Duca, Maria; Clapco, Steliana; Mutu, Ana; Martea, Rodica; Joita-Pacureanu, Maria
    Under changing climatic conditions, sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivation is increasingly challenged by abiotic stresses such as drought. This study evaluates the response of three sunflower genotypes to osmotic stress induced by polyethylene glycol (PEG) at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30% during germination and early seedling development under controlled conditions. The germination rate was evaluated daily over a 10-day period. Seeds were exposed to PEG to assess germination rate, seedling growth, and stress tolerance indices. Genotype H3 demonstrated moderate tolerance, maintaining satisfactory germination at 10% PEG but showing a marked decline at higher concentrations. H1 was highly sensitive, with poor germination and severely restricted growth of 20% and 30% PEG. In contrast, H2 displayed strong resilience, maintaining consistent germination, root development even under severe stress. These highlight the genotypic variability in sunflowers drought tolerance and suggest that H2 is a promising candidate for cultivation in water-limited environments. H1 may be suitable under moderate stress, while H1 may require additional agronomic interventions. Overall, the selection of stress-resilient sunflower genotypes emerges as a key strategy for enhancing productivity in drought-prone regions.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Trăsături morfo-fiziologice asociate toleranței la secetă la cultura de floarea-soarelui [Articol]
    (CEP USM, 2024) Duca, Maria; Clapco, Steliana; Port, Angela; Mutu, Ana; Martea, Rodica
    Drought affects the growth and development of plants, inhibits the absorption of nutrients from the soil, significantly reducing crop productivity. Water deficit reduces the size and mass of organs in Helianthus annuus L. plants, such as leaves, stems, head diameter, simultaneously affecting the parameters associated with productivity, such as number and weight of total and full seeds per head, hectoliter mass, 1000-seeds weight. One of the main strategies to reduce the negative impact of drought is the creation and introduction into culture of genotypes characterized by tolerance to water deficit. The present work includes an analyzes of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) phenotypic responses to drought stress and revealing of some morpho-physiological traits, which can be used r for germplasm screening. Each of the applied methodologies, in addition to the obvious advantages, has a series of limitations that create impediments in the correct assessment of genotypes. In this context, integration of morpho-physiological and biochemical traits with genetico-molecular approaches and involvement of different analysis tools (correlational, ANOVA, PCA) are recommended for efficient screening and development sunflower hybrids adapted to drought stress.