Institutul de Genetică, Fiziologie şi Protecţie a Plantelor

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    Molecular-genetic identification of certain fruit tree mycopathogens transmitted by aphid vectors [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Uzun, Tatiana; Grăjdieru, Cristina
    This study focuses on the molecular-genetic identification of phytopathogenic fungi transmitted by aphids in fruit orchards. Specimens of Dysaphis and Hyalopterus aphids were collected from apple and plum trees respectively, and DNA was extracted using the SDS protocol. A two-step PCR method with species-specific primers targeting fungal pathogens (Monilinia spp., Penicillium spp., and Botrytis cinerea) was applied. Amplification products revealed the presence of P. chrysogenum, M. fructigena, and B. cinerea in samples from Hyalopterus, while Dysaphis samples tested negative for all target fungi. These results confirm that Hyalopterus aphids can act as vectors for both generalist and specialist phytopathogens at early stages of the growing season. The findings highlight the complex multi-level interactions between insect vectors, pathogens, and host plants in agroecosystems. Continuous monitoring and early detection of secondary fungal infections are essential for maintaining phytosanitary stability.
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    Identification of mycotoxin – producing species of Fusarium in tomato ontogenesis
    (CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Deaghileva, Angela
    The results of molecular identification of toxigenic Fusarium spp. in local tomato varieties at some vegetative phases are presented. F. oxysporum, F. verticillioides, F. proliferatum, F. avenaceum, F. equiseti, F. solani were found at different stages of tomato development. Sequences of FUM gene cluster involved in the synthesis of Fumonisin B1 and Polyketide synthase (PKS13) gene sequences involved in the synthesis of Zearalenone were revealed in some tomato varieties infected by certain toxigenic Fusarium species.
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    IMMUNOLOGIC EVALUATION OF MAIZE COLLECTION SAMPLES
    (CEP USM, 2023) Bilici, Elena; Grajdieru, Cristina
    Seven inbred maize lines from the active collection of Laboratory of plant genetic resources were tested for their susceptibility to fungal pathogens using visual evaluation of disease symptoms and molecular diagnostics. The highest infection rate was registered in MAN2492 and was 35%, therefore the respective genotype can be classified as susceptible. MAN2466 lacked symptoms of diseases and for MAN2488 minimum value of the respective parameter was registered (5%) – resistant genotype group. Quantitative analysis showed that the overall value of DNA sequences specific for the fungal genome was the lowest in the grain of MAN2488, MAN2491, MAN2470 genotypes.