Institutul de Genetică, Fiziologie şi Protecţie a Plantelor

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Start date: 2024Subject: search.filters.subject.triticale

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    Study of variability in productivity elements of winter triticale collection [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Leatamborg, Svetlana; Rotari, Silvia; Gore, Andrei
    Arid conditions, which are increasingly common in the world, have a negative impact on the development of agricultural crops and pose a great threat to the implementation of potential plant productivity. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to evaluate collection variety samples for economically valuable traits and to select promising genotypes for use in the breeding process. This article presents the results of a study of 36 triticale variety samples of different geographical origins for the main economically valuable traits (plant height, main spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains, grain weight and 1000-grain weight). Analysis of the productivity elements of the studied samples revealed high variability in the number of grains and grain weight per spike, which makes it possible to select valuable genotypes. Promising samples have been identified based on individual productivity traits and their complex for targeted use in selection of parental pairs included in hybridization.
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    Evaluation of variability of quantitative characters in SC4 triticale somaclones with valuable agronomic properties [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Ciobanu, Renata
    As a result of research on the influence of in vitro culture and gamma radiation on quantitative traits, significant variations in the coefficient of variation values were observed in SC4 triticale somaclones. Both in vitro culture and radiation caused changes in the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits in the studied genotypes, compared to the control. The variability assessment revealed low to medium variation, indicating individual similarity across the studied traits. Radiation showed a major action on the following traits: length of the last internode, plant height and number of fertile siblings. The factors studied represent a significant source of variation, with their influence intensified by the specific characteristics of the genotype.
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    Variabilitatea fenotipică a caracterelor valoroase la grâul durum și triticale [Articol]
    (CEP USM, 2025) Rotari, Silvia; Leatamborg, Svetlana
    În lucrare sunt prezentate rezultatele studiului a 10 linii de grâu durum de toamnă și 10 linii de triticale de toamnă din câmpul de control. Genotipurile au fost cercetate pe baza unor caractere importante morfobiologice și de productivitate (înălțimea plantei, numărul de tulpini, lungimea spicului, numărul de spiculețe și numărul de boabe per spic, greutatea boabelor per spic șu masa a 1000 boabe). Analiza caracterelor morfologice și a productivității, a evidențiat o variabilitate înaltă în ceea ce privește numărul de frați, numărul de boabe și greutatea lor, ce ne oferă posibilități de selectare a genotipurilor valoroase. În rezultatul cercetărilor au fost identificate și selectate genotipuri utile care s-au utilizat în hibridări ca genitori de caractere valoroase. În baza acestor genotipuri au fost obținuți 40 hibrizi intraspecifici reciproci, care vor fi studiați în generațiile F1-F4.
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    Extracts derived from spirulina cultivated on media with Cu and CuO nanoparticles as active agents for triticale seed priming
    (CEP USM, 2024) Cepoi, Liliana; Rudi, Ludmila; Chiriac, Tatiana; Zosim, Liliana; Iațco, Iulia; Rudic, Valeriu
    This study investigates the effects of seed priming in triticale using extracts from Arthrospira platensis cultivated with copper nanoparticles (CuNP) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONP). Results demonstrate significant increases in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and phenolic content, alongside enhanced antioxidant activity in the leaves. Notably, the treatment with nanoparticle-enriched extracts reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, indicating a protective effect against oxidative stress. The findings suggest that spirulina-based extracts, even with the addition of nanoparticles, can enhance crop health, offering a sustainable approach to agriculture.
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    Ariabilitatea productivităţii la somaclonele SC1-SC2 de triticale obţinute prin cultura in vitro şi iradierii cu raze gama
    (CEP USM, 2024-10-07) Ciobanu, Renata
    As a result of research on the influence of in vitro culture and gamma radiation on the expression of traits such as the number of grains per ear, grain weight, and the mass of 1000 grains, significant variation in the values of the coefficient of variation was observed in somaclones from three generations of triticale. Both in vitro culture and radiation caused changes in the coefficient of variation of quantitative traits in the studied genotypes, compared to the control. Maximum effect is induced by gamma radiation in the first generation (SC1) for all traits, with a substantial decrease in the third generation (SC3). The factors studied represent a significant source of variation, with the influence being intensified by the specific characteristics of the genotype.