Facultatea de Ştiinţe Economice / Faculty of Economic Sciences

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Author: search.filters.author.Mocanu, NataliaHas files: Yes

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    Fundamental premises for sectoral support of table grape production
    (CEP USM, 2024) Mocanu, Natalia; Botezatu, Andrei; Mateoc-Sîrb, Nicoleta
    The wine sector is the business card of the Republic of Moldova, which emphasizes and highlights its social and cultural values and economic potential, especially wine tourism and international commercial relations formed by promoting wine production and export. The wine sector contributes to the socioeconomic character of the country and is attractive from several points of view, including business development and investment. Over the years, the wine industry has gone through various major crises, which have had negative effects on exports, reduced the size of businesses and generated significant losses for producers, affecting financial performance and leading to recessions in the sector. Among the strategic challenges of the wine sector is the need to improve the quality of the products and comply with quality standards and competitiveness on international markets. In order to achieve these objectives, an extensive process of reform and modernization of viticulture was launched. The purpose of the given article consists in the complex and deep study of the strategies, oriented towards the modernization of the wine sector, fundamental premises of sectoral support of the production of table grapes, the adaptation of research methods to the factors, processes and current phenomena, particular to the sector and the development of recommendations, which would contribute to sustainable development at the sector level.
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    Gestionarea finanțelor publice la nivelul autorității publice locale și impactul asupra dezvoltării agriculturii
    (CEP USM, 2024) Mocanu, Natalia; Botezatu, Andrei; Davydenko, Nadiia
    The formation of local budgets is a complex process through which local authorities plan andmanage the financial resources necessary to cover current expenses and to support development projects in communities. The local budget is an essential tool in the efficient administration of public affairs at the level of a certain locality or region. The developments of the European construction had a major impact on the national and territorial collectivities. The Maastricht Treaty was appreciated as a step towards the official recognition of local and regional territorial collectivities by the European Community. Placing in the foreground the principle of subsidiarity, which was initially applied to the relations between the European Union and its member states, contributed to the promotion of policies favorable to the decentralization of power. However, local and regional autonomy were seen as institutional challenges for the states of Central and Eastern Europe, which had to restore their political system following the collapse of the totalitarian one, but also as a challenge to the traditional forms of the state, which are increasingly facing with systemic crises that inhibit its sustainable development. However, local and regional autonomy were seen as institutional challenges for the states of Central and Eastern Europe, which had to restore their political system following the collapse of the totalitarian one, but also as a challenge to the traditional forms of the state, which are increasingly facing with systemic crises that inhibit its sustainable development. Despite the efforts made, the state of affairs in this regard in the Republic of Moldova remains uncertain, characterized by a set of complicated developments and insignificant progress.
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    FINANŢE INTERNAŢIONALE: NOTE DE CURS: PROGRAM: FINANŢE ŞI BĂNCI: CICLUL 1, LICENŢĂ
    (Editura USM, 2025) Mocanu, Natalia; Biloocaia, Svetlana
    Prezentul curs se adresează, în primul rând, studenţilor de la Facultatea Științe Economice, specialitatea 0412 Finanţe şi bănci, cu scopul de a oferi acestora un prim pachet de informaţii referitoare la problemele de baza privind finanțele internaţionale. Cursul le va oferi posibilitatea de a dobândi cunoștințe funcționale în domeniul finanțelor internaționale și de a aplica cunoștințele dobândite în rezolvarea unor probleme specifice din acest domeniu. Unitatea de curs „Finanţe internaţionale” participă la formarea competențelor profesionale generale ale personalității integre și a competențelor profesionale în domeniul financiar-bancar internațional pentru a corespunde cerințelor actuale și de perspectivă ale pieței de muncă locale și internaționale－aplicarea cadrului normativ din domeniul financiar-bancar şi domeniile conexe. În cadrul cursului, studenții vor afla mai multe despre valuta străină, cum ar fi o creanță exprimată într-o valută străină și diferența dintre valuta străină convertibilă și neconvertibilăi, de asemenea, vor recunoaște diferența dintre ratele de schimb nominale și cele reale. Studenții care parcurg cu succes acest curs vor înțelege conceptul de finanțe internaționale. Ei vor ști ce este sistemul valutar, cursul de schimb valutar și piața valutară. De asemenea, vor putea folosi exemple practice pentru a recunoaște modificările cursului de schimb valutar, cum ar fi aprecierea, deprecierea, devalorizarea și reevaluarea. La expunerea cursului se vor utiliza informaţiile şi experienţa naţională, precum şi a altor state în domeniul desfăşurării operaţiunilor valutar-financiare internaţionale. Însuşirea rezultativă a programei disciplinei influenţează favorabil studierea altor discipline financiar-bancare adiacente, precum şi formarea specialistului calificat ca atare în domeniul menţionat, care are pregătirea teoretico-practică necesară.
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    THE CURRENT STATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL TAXATION IN UKRAINE
    (CEP USM, 2023) Mocanu, Natalia; Novytska, Olena; Davydenko, Marharyta
    The foundational principles of environmental taxation, serving as a cornerstone for driving sustainable development, have been further elaborated upon. It has been ascertained that the current environmental tax framework in Ukraine is not effectively fulfilling its intended roles of incentivizing environmentally responsible practices and providing compensation for environmental impacts. Additionally, the business community frequently perceives tax hikes as nothing more than an additional fiscal burden. In light of these findings, a set of recommendations has been formulated to enhance the efficacy of environmental taxation in its capacity as a catalyst for sustainable development, drawing inspiration from best practices observed internationally. These proposed enhancements encompass a range of strategies. They include refining the conceptual framework of the environmental tax, particularly with regards to CO2 emissions, and modernizing other categories of environmental taxation. Another vital suggestion involves adjusting the allocation proportions of tax revenues from environmental taxation among various levels of government budgets. This adjustment seeks to foster a more consistent and coordinated approach to environmental tax policy. Moreover, there is an emphasis on optimizing the utilization of tax revenues generated from environmental taxation, alongside the reinforcement of comprehensive compliance monitoring and the introduction of a stimulus system geared towards facilitating a gradual shift towards a carbon-free economy. Implementation of these recommendations holds the potential to elevate environmental consciousness and overall tax effectiveness in Ukraine. This, in turn, can attract businesses to invest in environmentally friendly technologies and production processes. In the long term, these initiatives aim to stimulate the ecological transformation of businesses and instill a culture of responsible energy resource utilization. Such efforts are poised to contribute to the gradual transition of the economy towards sustainability, fostering innovation in the post-war era while taking into account the interests of all stakeholders involved.
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    FINANCIAL POTENTIAL OF BALANCED DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONS OF UKRAINE
    (CEP USM, 2024) Davydenko, Nadiia; Mocanu, Natalia; Botezatu, Andrei
    The purpose of the article is to study the level of financial potential of the regions of Ukraine and to determine the strategic direction of its increase. The research used the following methods of scientific research: theoretical generalizati-on, scientific abstraction, system analysis, dialectical method of cognition (for researching the theoretical foundations of the financial potential of regions); system-structural analysis (when determining the system of indicators for assessing the financial potential of regions); graphic (to illustrate research results). The financial potential of the region is the basis of its economic development. According to the method of grouping the economic development of regions, it was established that Ukraine is characterized by a significant disproportion in the development of its regions, in the presence of about 14 regions with rather low financial potential. Precisely, therefore, the primary provisions in the development of regional programs and regional policy should be stabilizing measures for the economic development of these regions.