Facultatea de Ştiinţe Economice / Faculty of Economic Sciences
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Item CONSUMUL DURABIL ÎN CONDIȚIILE DEZVOLTĂRII SUSTENABILE: VIZIUNI ȘI ABORDĂRI(Institutul Naţional de Cercetări Economice al AŞM, 2021) Ganea, Victoria; Perciun, Rodica; Ţurcan, Rina; Ţurcan, IuliuActualitatea cercetării este determinată de fundamentarea teoretico-metodologică insuficientă a consumului durabil ca parte indispensabilă a dezvoltării sustenabile pentru sistemele economice aflate în proces de transformare, ca de exemplu, cel al Republicii Moldova. Acest lucru necesită conceptualizarea și dezvoltarea în continuare a metodologiei durabilității în economie. Abordările teoretice ar trebui să se poată adapta la specificul țării noastre, luând în considerare influența factorilor naturali, economici și instituționali. Necesitatea științifică de a analiza teoria general acceptată a consumului durabil prin prisma dezvoltării sustenabile este determinat și de faptul că cunoașterea metodologică fundamentală a existentului model acceptat, va permite evaluarea potențialului și stabilirea condițiilor de limitare a organizării sociale asupra resurselor de mediu. Obiectivul studiului constă în analiza aplicabilității interpretărilor moderne ale dezvoltării sustenabile și consumului durabil la condițiile economiei naționale. Ipoteza este formulată pornind de la rezultatele prezentate în secțiunea de analiză a literaturii de specialitate și constă în faptul că unul din pilonii de bază a dezvoltării sustenabile este consumul durabil. Demersul de cercetare este de tip teoretizat, întrucât se pliază pe aspectul evoluției noțiunii de sustenabilitate (dezvoltare durabilă), precum și pe punctele de plecare care au facilitat plasarea accentelor pe consumul durabil. De asemenea, pe parcursul cercetării au fost aplicate: interpretarea rezultatelor descrise în literatura de specialitate, teoria resurselor epuizate, analiza sistemelor, analiza comparativă. Rezultatele obținute vor indica dacă dezvoltarea durabilă pentru societatea contemporană impune o gândire critică a proceselor economico-sociale și de mediu și facilitează proiectarea unui model inovator de dezvoltare durabilă a societății bazată pe consum sustenabil.Item CONCEPTUAL ASPECTS AND THE MOST USED PRACTICES IN OBTAINING THE RELIABILITY OF ENTITY VALUE ESTIMATION(Institutul Naţional de Cercetări Economice al AŞM, 2021) Bîrca, Iulita; Țîrlea, Mariana Rodica; Ganea, Victoria; Buzu, OlgaEstimating the entity value is topical and of particular interest to managers and business owners, who in turn hope that through the evaluation they will obtain parallel and new possibilities for the business remediation. In this context, managers seek the support of qualified assessors, who will conduct a thorough analysis of the entity's state at a given date, will apply the most effective evaluation methods. In this paper we proposed to investigate and analyze the theoretical aspects of the entity value estimation (EVE), rendered in the opinion of the well-informed researchers and in the light of the evaluation standards. As a result, we note that the criteria of evaluations have been supplemented with the following criterion: by type of activity of the economic entity. We estimate the evaluation methods in order to identify the most accepted and effective method for this important process to the entity. For the practical aspect of the investigation, we focused on the method of comparison in the market valuation of the enterprise, in order to establish the statistical indicators consisting of the calculation of the median and the arithmetic mean. Based on the calculations made in the practical part, we have found that an economic entity can change its own value, in particular, by the way its values are profitable. In estimating the value of the entity, a decision-making function is attributed to the rests with the assessor, in particular with regard to the methods selected and applied professionally by the entity, in compliance with professional valuation standards and current regulations, as the fair estimation of the entity's value leads to a secure future and a guaranteed successItem INDICATORII DEZVOLTĂRII DURABILE ȘI NECESITATEA UNEI NOI ABORDĂRI ÎN CONTEXT NAȚIONAL(2021) Ganea, Victoria; Ţurcan, Rina; Ţurcan, IuliuThe actuality of the research is determined by humanity's fundamental need for the transition to sustainability, argued by the development of solid and effective means to address a growing number of sustainability challenges. The need is also argued at national level by the fact that the implementation of strategic prerogatives requires the argumentation of the activity through calculations and estimates of a concrete set of indices and indicators that will demonstrate the preparation for sustainable development. The objective of the study is to analyze modern interpretations of sustainable development and the opportunity to apply sustainability indicators in the conditions of the national economy. The research approach is of a theorized type, as it focuses on the aspect of arguing the opportunity to apply sustainable development indicators in the context of the Republic of Moldova. The results obtained confirm that this paper is part of the flow of publications that argue, from a theoretical and empirical point of view, the key role played by sustainability indicators in the sustainable development ofItem REFLECŢII ASUPRA POSIBILITĂŢILOR DE OPTIMIZARE A SURSELOR DE FINANŢARE ALE AGENTULUI ECONOMIC(CEP USM, 2012) Ganea, Victoria; Copăceanu, CristinaFinancial flows that characterize economic activity deeply experienced a great enhancement on the grounds that the structure of funding sources is becoming increasingly sophisticated. The cost of capital, as a performance indicator, has a special place in the strategic analysis of business. Analysis of the possibilities of survival and growth of enterprises in market economy conditions, analyzing competitive strategies, profitability gives a special place.Item PARTICULARITĂŢI DE FINANŢARE A CERCETĂRILOR ŞI INOVAŢIILOR(CEP USM, 2009) Ganea, Victoria; Nohalîc, SilviaNous traitons des problèmes du financement des innovations qui fixent et adaptent les priorités dans le domaine de la recherche fondamentale et applicative. On souligne le rôle de l’État qui stimule l’activité d’innovation visant les investissements dans la création et la diffusion du savoir-faire technologique.Item FINANŢAREA PROIECTELOR INOVAŢIONALE ÎN CONDIŢII DE RISC ŞI INCERTITUDINE(CEP USM, 2009) Ganea, Victoria; Enicov, IgorIn the article are analyzed the actual problems of the estimation of innovation projects financing efficiency. The risk types, to which the innovation projects are exposed, are put in evidence. The applications of the financial management tools, which make possible the risk minimization, are demonstrated. The use of the projects joint financing, as preferential form of the innovation financing, are grounded.Item OPTIMIZAREA CREŞTERII ECONOMICE PRIN INTERMEDIUL DIFUZĂRII INOVAŢIILOR ÎN CONDIŢII DE RISC ŞI INCERTITUDINE(CEP USM, 2009) Gribincea, Alexandru; Ganea, Victoria; Nohailîc, SilviaLa croissance économique est la dynamique ascendante du volume quantitatif de fabrication et de consommation des produits et des services. Le business innovateur est traditionnellement lié à des activités d’un risque élevé, ce qui empêche aussi l’attraction des investissements et, par conséquent, l'évaluation des risques dans l'activité d'innovation a un rôle particulièrement important.Item EVOLUŢIA COSTURILOR PRODUCTIVE TOTALE SUB IMPACTUL IMPLEMENTĂRII REZULTATELOR CERCETĂRILOR ŞTIINŢIFICE: ASPECT METODOLOGIC(CEP USM, 2009) Ganea, Victoria; Bejan, Olesea; Gribincea, Alexandru; Ciobanu, IonIn this article we review and discuss the potential and limitations of econometric methods for the evaluation of productivity of scientific and technological (S&T) systems. We examine and compare the main approaches that have been applied in the literature: the production function and the production frontier approach. Both approaches present advantages and disadvantages. In the first part of the chapter we carry out a selective review of the two fields. In the second part we focus on the last developments of the efficiency analysis literature, with particular attention to the nonparametric approach. An illustration of the potential of robust nonparametric techniques is offered using data from the Italian National Research Council (CNR). The article concludes by discussing the potential of these approaches for the analysis of S&T systems beyond the existing applications.Item ROLUL INOVAŢIEI ŞI AL CREATIVITĂŢII ÎN DEZVOLTAREA ECONOMICĂ(CEP USM, 2008) Ganea, Victoria; Gribincea, AlexandruNous sommes résolus à instaurer une paix juste et durable dans le monde entier conformément aux buts et aux principes énoncés par l’ONU. Nous réaffirmons notre volonté de tout faire pour défendre l’égalité souveraine et promou- voir le respect de l’intégrité territoriale et de l’indépenda nce politique de tous les états, de nous abstenir du recourt à la menace ou à l’emploi de la force dans les relations inte rnationales, à la violation des buts et des principes des Nations Unies. On réglera les différends par des moyens pacifiques, conformément aux principes de la justice et du droit international, et on respectera le droit des peuples encore sous domination coloniale ou sous occupation étrangère de disposer d’eux-mêmes; on propagera la non ingérence dans les affaires internes des états, le respect des droits de l’homme et des libertés fondamentales, le respect de l’égalité des droits de tous, sans distinction de race, de sexe, de langue ou de religion, la coopération inte rnationale en vue du règlement des pr oblèmes internationaux d'ordre économique, social, culturel ou humanitaire et l’accomplissement de bonne foi et au x termes des obligations assumées.Item EVOLUŢIA INOVAŢIILOR: REFLECŢII, PROBLEME, SOLUŢII(CEP USM, 2008) Sava, Elena; Ganea, Victoria; Gribincea, AlexandruThroughout his life the human being was not interested only in products for insuring his existence but as well in the explanations of the environment he was living in. For this purpose man used not only his muscles but his brain as well. The intellectual work hardly penetrated in his human activities. Presently may be found facts about the existence of the human being for already 3 mln years ago, but in this period man lived in difficult conditions. The human being understood that he has „rationality” thousands of year s ago. If we would create a hypothetic man who lived for 3 mln years, then on average the hypothetic man lived decently only 3% of his life. Men began generating innovations 2000 years ago, 2-3 innovations each century. The human intellect „exploded” beginning with the XVII century when during 100 years the man proposed more innovations than those proposed by his predecessors during their existence.