Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law

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    Garanţii legale de protecţie a copiilor supuşi violenţei în sport
    (CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Televca, Oleg
    Children have the right to play sports in a safe and friendly environment. Their rights are set out in the Convention on the Rights of the Child. However, sport was not and still is not a safe environment for children and young people, with various cases of abuse, harassment and violence being known. In recent years, however, victims of various forms of violence in sports have obtained the opportunity to be heard. The article refers to the existing normative basis in the Republic of Moldova about the protection of the rights of children subjected to violence in sports.
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    Procesele subculturale – factor represiv al drepturilor omului în penitenciare
    (CEP USM, 2024) Samoilenco, Victor
    În zilele noastre, drepturile omului rerpezintă un imperativ oriunde în lume inclusiv în mediul carceral. Din păcate capacitatea organelor de drept de a garanta respectarea lor în mediul carceral este uneori diminuată de factori precum subcultura criminală și procesele negative pe care aceasta le include. Apare necesitatea de a transforma formarea și dezvoltarea profesională a cadrelor penitenciare într-un element-cheie al strategiei combative. În formarea și dezvoltarea profesională a cadrelor penitenciare, drepturile omului trebuie să reprezinte o prioritate și este necesar ca formatorii să acționeze cognitiv și atitudinal. Este la fel importantă cunoaşterea legilor în domeniul drepturilor omului cât şi mecanismele lor de implemnetare. Fără o bună pregătire a cadrelor pnitenciare drepturile omului nu pot fi garantate şi subcultura criminală nu poate fi diminuată.
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    VIolența în mediul școlar în jurisprudența națională
    (CEP USM, 2024) Grama, Mariana
    The research on the particularities of violence in the school environment in the national jurisprudence represents the results of some investigations obtained as a result of the specialized doctrine, the analysis of the national legislation, the analysis of the files from the judicial practice of the Republic of Moldova relevant to the purpose of the study in terms of the legal framework and the qualification of the facts. From a practical point of wiew, court sentences on criminal cases resolved in national courts on criminal cases resolved in national courts were studied: 11 practical cases that were examined and are still being examined under the aspect of criminal law in the period 2016-2023.
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    Manifestările penale ale separatismului în vizorul codului penal al Republicii Moldova
    (CEP USM, 2024) Brînza, Serghei; Stati, Vitalie
    În prezenta investigație sunt supuse cercetării infracțiunile reunite sub denumirea marginală de separatism, prevăzute la art. 3401 din Codul penal al Republicii Moldova. Pentru ca acest articol să-și producă efectul scontat, beneficiarilor și destinatarilor legii penale trebuie să li se explice clar condițiile în care poate fi aplicat art. 3401 din Codul penal al Republicii Moldova. Se subliniază că acest articol poate fi aplicat numai dacă activitatea de separare a unei părți din Republica Moldova – pe care făptuitorul o desfășoară, o instigă, o finanțează etc. – fie presupune suprimarea democrației și a drepturilor omului, fie este însoțită de aplicarea violenței.
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    Violența în bază de gen ca formă de discriminare: prevenire și combatere
    (Print-Caro, 2023-03-15) Cazacu, Doina
    Gender-based violence is one of the most widespread and serious forms of discrimination against women, with long-term consequences for the female victims and their children, for the family, community and society. Awareness of the seriousness and extent of this phenomenon is already part of the success in the prevention and combating process, but often, victims of gender-based violence do not identify themselves or, for several objective and subjective reasons, do not ask for help. With the development of the spirit of recognition and protection of human rights, the need to regulate, at the universal, regional and national level - talking about each subject of international law separately, the prohibition of discrimination based on gender, and violence constituting a form of discrimination.
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    Agresivitatea și violenţa în sport
    (Iași, 2023) Televca, Oleg
    In this article, we will refer to one of today’s „fashionable” topics due to the existence and even growth of the phenomenon called „aggression in sports”. Sport, like other areas of social life, is marked by this phenomenon. More than once I have heard of athletes being used as mercenaries in wars, settling accounts between criminal groups, filling their ranks with well-trained youths in gyms, even with performances in the fields in which they are trained. Sport is also marked by various types of violence, not only referring to the types of sports accompanied by violence, but also to the violence applied in relation to adult and sometimes, minors: harassment, including sexual, homophobia, discrimination etc. Some authors even talk about sport itself as a form of violence. Others - about a culture of violence in sports. The material has an interdisciplinary character, given that it represents an analysis of different sources from the fields of sociology, psychology and law. The methods used are mainly analysis and synthesis.
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    Agresivitatea în sport versus răspunderea juridică: unele aspecte relevante
    (CEP USM, 2024) Televca, Oleg
    In this article, we will refr to one of today’s “fashionable” topics due to the existence and even growth of the phenomenon called “aggression in sports”. Sport, like other areas of social life, is marked by this phenomenon.More than once I have heard of athletes being used as mercenaries in wars, settling accounts between criminal groups, filling their ranks with well-trined youths in gyms, even with performances in the fields in which they are trained. The material has an interdisciplinary character, given that it represents an analysis of different sources from the fields of sociology, psychology and law. The methods used are mainly analysis and synthesis.
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    Protecţia drepturilor persoanelor cu dizabilităţi la nivel european
    (2015) Cârnaț, Teodor; Pavlencu, Mariana
    La nivel global, mai mult de un milliard de persoane cu handicap luptă pentru a accede la educaţie, la muncă, pentru dreptul de a trăi în comunitate în loc de a fi închis în instituţii, să-şi exprime sexualitatea, să aibă copii şi să participe la viaţa politică şi socială a comunităţii. Persoanele cu dizabilităţi fizice şi mintale se confruntă adesea cu violenţă şi discriminare, dar cu toate acestea, continuă să rămână membri ai comunităţilor din care fac parte.
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    ANALIZA HOTĂRÂRILOR CtEDO DE CONSTATARE A ÎNCĂLCĂRII DE CĂTRE REPUBLICA MOLDOVA A CONVENIȚIEI ÎN LEGĂTURA CU PROTESTELE DIN APRILIE 2009
    (CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Pozneacova, Veronica; Zaharia, Victor
    On April 5, 2009, general elections were held in the Republic of Moldova. The an- nouncement of their results generated a discontent among the population expressed thro- ugh peaceful protests, which gradually turned into violent ones. The authorities applied force to the protesters, and the detained persons were subjected to inhuman, degrading treatment and torture. Among the deviations declared by the victims of these events are: unfounded and undocumented detentions, humiliation of persons, non-provision of me- dical assistance, violation of procedural rights, among which the prohibition to notify relatives, lawyer about detention, inhuman conditions of detention, torture and non-in- vestigation of these violations by the authorities. To the date, the Republic of Moldova has been convicted for human rights’ violations during the events of April 2009 in 9 ca- ses among them Muradu against the Republic of Moldova no. 26947/09, O. R. and L. R. against the Republic of Moldova no. 24129/11, Taraburca against the Republic of Moldo- va no. 18919/10, Iurcu against the Republic of Moldova no. 33759/10, Cucu and others against the Republic of Moldova no. 7753/13, 75188/13 and 76511/14, Buhaniuc against the Republic of Moldova no. 56074/10, D. against the Republica Moldova no. 25397/09. In 12 other cases the Republic of Moldova has pleaded guilty and obliged to pay compen- sation to the victims. Currently, in the process of judging of the Strasbourg High Court, there are other requests generated by the events of April 2009. In this study, there are analyzed the human rights’ violations generated by the authorities’ actions during the April protests noted by the ECtHR. The European Court started the violation of article 3 in aspects related to the application of torture, inhuman and degrading treatment, article 5 because of the unsubstantiated and undocumented mass detentions and the application of violence during the detention and article 13 because of the ineffectiveness of national remedies in cases related to torture. The analyze of this violation could prevent the sub- sequent violation of human rights in the hypothetical situation of a demonstration, which turns into mass disorder, as well as to prevent the convictions of the Republic of Moldova regarding the causes related to the events of April 2009. So, in this research we aimed to determine the ECtHR judgments according to winch the Republic of Moldova was con- 486 victed for the human rights’ violations during the events of April 2009, to analyze the common characteristic features for all these violations, to examine the statistical data on the age of the victims, the date and place of their detention, to establish the human rights violations, which have not yet been examined by the ECtHR. Despite the introduction of major modifications in the legislation regulating the limits of application of the force of collaborators of law enforcement bodies, article 3 of the ECHR that prohibits torture re- mains one of the most frequently violated by the authorities of the Republic of Moldova, which determines the necessity of analysis both the decisions of the European Court and the legislation in force.
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    ENIGMA MULȚIMII CRIMINALE: ÎNTRE PSIHOLOGIE COLECTIVĂ ȘI DREPT PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2020) Grama, Mariana; Panchiv, Olesea
    Produsul interacțiunii mai multor minți poate fi unul extraordinar. Extraordinar în sens bun sau rău: aceasta este întrebarea? Dacă mințile care se reunesc sunt criminale, atunci rezultatul nu poate fi decât unul dezastruos. Cert este că produsul interacțiunii acestora, la nivel intelectiv și volitiv, reprezintă un pericol mult mai mare pentru valorile și relațiile sociale apăr ate de legea penală decât acelea și fapte comise de o singură persoană. În căutarea răspunsurilor, ne-am propus să examinăm conceptul de „mulțime criminală” din perspectiva psihologiei mulțimilor (maselor), psihologiei colective, raportându-l la normele din Partea generală a Codului penal al Republicii Moldova (în ceea ce priv ește unele forme ale participației), dar și, eventual, la unele norme din Partea specială.