Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law

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    Eficienţa măsurilor specifice de combatere a crimei organizate
    (2019) Obadă, Dumitru
    This paper is an endeavor to analyze Moldova’s legal framework aimed at regulating the specific measures of combating organized crime. It is also an attempt to reveal the normative inconsistencies specified in the regulatory content of the Criminal Procedural Law, including a verifiable analysis of the legal norms stipulated in the Code of Criminal Procedure, as well as other regulations related to this specific area of state activity specified in the related legislation.
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    Reconceptualizarea funcţiei procurorului de supraveghere a activităţii speciale de investigaţie
    (2017) Obadă, Dumitru
    Lucrarea reprezintă analiza cadrului legal al Republicii Moldova care vizează reglementarea activităţii speciale de investigaţii din perspectiva competenţelor funcţionale ale subiecţilor învestiţi de legiuitor cu atribuţii de supraveghere a măsurilor speciale de investigaţie. De asemenea, s-au evidenţiat incoerenţele normative specificate în conţinutul regulatoriu al legii procesual penale, inclusiv analiza coroborată a normelor juridice care se conţin în Codul de procedură penală, precum şi alte reglementări ce vizează acest domeniu specific de activitate statală, stabilite în legislaţia conexă. Autorul a arătat efectele juridice nefaste ce pot fi generate de interpretarea şi aplicarea eronată a normelor juridice aferente activităţii speciale de investigaţii. Pe durata realizării prezentului studiu s-a ţinut cont de aplicarea legii de către organele statului la desfăşurarea investigaţiilor penale, inclusiv s-a statuat în privinţa clarificării şi definitivării conceptului de „supraveghere a activităţii speciale de investigaţie”.
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    Theoretical and practical implications on the subjects charged with duties of conducting special investigation activity
    (2017) Obadă, Dumitru
    This paper is an endeavor to analyze Moldova’s legal framework aimed at regulating Special investigative activity (SIA) in terms of subjects or, in other words, of procedural exponents, invested by a legislator with duties of carrying out SIM. It is also an attempt to reveal the normative inconsistencies specified in the regulatory content of the Criminal Procedural Law, including a verifiable analysis of the legal norms stipulated in the Code of Criminal Procedure, as well as other regulations related to this specific area of state activity specified in the related legislation. Moreover, the author sought to highlight the adverse legal effects that may be generated by the misinterpretation and misapplication of the legal norms related to SIA. While carrying out this study, we have taken into account the practice of law enforcement by state bodies in conducting criminal investigations, as well as the attempt to clarify and define the concept of “carrying out special investigative activity”. The research is also an attempt to clarify the competences of procedural subjects in charge of conducting SIA, as well as their functional interdependence in this activity. Furthermore, the study reasons upon some author’s assertions regarding the legal nature of SIM results from the perspective of the theory of evidence, particularly the admissibility of evidence obtained through SIM, the procedural stage at which the SIM can be performed, the impact of the current normative inadvertences regarding the possibility of taking evidence by means of SIM. The research has also been focused on identifying the prosecutor’s functional characteristics in conducting special investigative activity.
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    GARANŢII PROCEDURALE DE PROTECŢIE A DATELOR CU CARACTER PERSONAL ÎN CADRUL MĂSURILOR SPECIALE DE INVESTIGAŢIE
    (CEP USM, 2021) Cristea, Daniel
    The application of the general limitations of fundamental rights to data protection pursuant to Article 52, paragraph 1 of the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, has raised interesting questions. According to this provision, limitations must be provided for by law, must return to the essence of the law concerned and, subject to the principle of proportionality, must be necessary and genuinely meet the general interest objectives recognized by the European Union or the need to protect the rights and the freedoms of others. We ask ourselves the question, can these limitations justify the unfair processing of personal data or the processing for purposes not covered by the legal basis for the collection, storage and disclosure of personal information at this stage of the prosecution under special investigative measures? From this question we started to write this article which consists in identifying in the framework of special investigative measures the breaches of personal data breaches and proposals for amendments in order to comply with this protection.
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    CONTROLUL JUDICIAR AL AUTORIZĂRII EFECTUĂRII INTERCEPTĂRII ŞI ÎNREGISTRĂRII COMUNICĂRILOR PRIN PRISMA PRINCIPIULUI PROPORŢIONALITĂŢII
    (CEP USM, 2021) Carajeleascov, Cristina
    Special investigative measures make a significant contribution to the process of investigating and counteracting the phenomenon of crime, and the implementation of judicial control in the national legislation ensures respect for the rights of the person involved in criminal proceedings. Respect for human rights in criminal proceedings is ensured by the existing judicial mechanism for authorizing the interception and recording of communications, and the investigating judge has the role of assessing both the need to intercept and record communications and the relevance of the result obtained by verifying compliance with the law when such measures are carried out. This is a complex procedure, which is performed in accordance with the principle of proportionality, where all circumstances are assessed and considered individually, and this ensures the purpose of criminal proceedings.
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    IDENTIFICAREA PERSOANEI PRIN MĂSURI ȘI METODE SPECIALE DE INVESTIGAȚII
    (CEP USM, 2017) Roman, Dumitru; Popa, Sergiu
    În scopul identificării persoanei care a săvârșit o infracțiune pot fi aplicate următoarele metode speciale de investigații: chestionarea informativă; culegera cifrată ainformaţiei; urmărirea (supravegherea) operativă; cercetarea operativă; metoda agenturistică; recunoașterea (identificarea) operativă; metoda combinației operative; modelarea (experimen-tarea) operativă; informarea electronică; metoda odorologică. Rezultatele identificării persoanei prin masuri și metode speciale, indiferent de caracterul documentării, pot fi folosite numai pentru căutarea probelor, având importanță pentru determinarea căilor și direcțiilor de investigație, și nicidecum în calitate de probe în procesul penal. Astfel, în temeiul rezultatelor măsurilor speciale se dispune efectuarea: prezentării spre recunaoștere, dacă victima sau martorul n-au participat în cadrul acestei măsuri; experizei (dactiloscopice, grafoscopice, biologice etc.); percheziției, examinării corporale; audierii sau altor acțiuni de urmărire penală.