Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law
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Item ELIBERAREA ORDONANȚEI JUDECĂTOREȘTI ÎN TEMEIUL PRETENȚIEI CE REZULTĂ DIN NERESTITUIREA CĂRŢILOR ÎMPRUMUTATE DE LA BIBLIOTECĂ(CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Creţu, Vasile; Josanu, IlonaÎn this article the authors analyse the civil procedural conditions for the release of the court order on the basis of the claim resulting from the non-return of books borrowed from the library. The authors follow the goal to state the material-procedural conditions for the release of the court order in these cases examined based on the claim filed by the creditor under the writ proceedings, state the documents which will be necessary to be attached by the creditor to his/her claim as well as debate on types of claims which cannot be filed by the creditor on this basis under the writ proceedings. Following the performed analyses through applied synthesis, deduction and compared analyses of the national normative framework, the authors propose amendments to letter h) of Art. 345 of the Civil procedure code of the Republic of Moldova.Item ANULAREA ACTELOR JURIDICE ÎN PROCEDURA INSOLVABILITĂȚII(CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Chirtoacă, RodicaAfter the initiation of the insolvency procedure, the authorized administrator is entitled to undertake, in the interest of creditors, a series of measures aimed at restoring the debtor’s assets by reclaiming the assets that were alienated to the detriment of creditors. These measures can be categorized into two types: measures aimed at restoring the debtor’s assets, which were diminished by fraudulent acts, and measures for managing the debtor’s portfolio of contracts. The annulment of legal acts in the insolvency procedure is of interest to the creditors of the debtor, as they find themselves unable to satisfy their claims. This work aims to provide a general analysis of situations in which the debtor’s acts may fall under the provisions of Articles 104-105 of Law no. 149/2012. Additionally, it focuses on the conditions under which legal action can be brought before the insolvency court. In this study, research methods such as comparative analysis, deductive reasoning, and inductive reasoning were employed to ensure the achievement of the objectives formulated regarding the institution under investigation. The main research tools used in this scientific endeavor included scientific publications in the field of bankruptcy, normative acts, and judicial practice.Item CU PRIVIRE LA OPORTUNITATEA MENȚINERII PROCEDURII ÎN ORDONANŢĂ ÎN LEGISLAȚIA PROCESUALĂ CIVILĂ ACTUALĂ(CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Josanu, IlonaIn this article the author reflects on the opportunity to continuous maintaining of the writ proceedings under the conditions of the current civil procedural laws, given the last changes made to it, including the insertion of the small claims procedure to the content of the Civil Procedure Code of the Republic of Moldova. The author follows the goal to state the social need to maintain the writ proceedings through its applied value and also the internation legislation framework, proven applicability as well its advantages compared to the small claim procedure. Following the performed analyses through applied synthesis and compared analyses of the writ proceedings and small claim procedure, the author highlights the importance of maintaining the writ procedure and its applied value for individuals.Item L’INFLUENCE DE LA BONNE FOI SUR LA RÉALISATION DU DROIT DE RECEVOIR UNE PENSION ALIMENTAIRE D’UN CONJOINT OU D’UN ANCIEN CONJOINT(CEP USM, 2024) Cebotari, Valentina; Strelciuc, VioricaLors de l’enregistrement de l’acte de mariage, les époux sont mutuellement et solidairement tenus de se fournir une assistance matérielle et un soutien moral, tant pendant le mariage qu’après sa dissolution. Lors de la fixation de la pension alimentaire due par les époux, il sera tenu compte à la fois de la période de cohabitation des époux qui donne droit à la pension alimentaire et de la période suivant la dissolution du mariage. Le rôle du tribunal est essentiel et se manifeste par un examen minutieux de toutes les circonstances de fait et de droit qui influencent la bonne foi dans le droit à recevoir une pension alimentaire d’un conjoint ou d’un ancien conjoint. Lors de la détermination du droit qui donne naissance à l’obligation d’entretien, le juge appréciera les preuves administrées dans le dossier en tenant compte du principe de bonne foi ou de son absence. Le juge peut rejeter la demande s’il estime que le conjoint qui demande la pension alimentaire a agi contrairement à la bonne foi.Item ABUZUL DE DREPT ÎN PROCEDURA DE EXECUTARE(2023) Novicov, OxanaAbuzul de drept este un subtil și greu de detectat inamic al bunei-credințe în procesul de executare. Codul de executare nu conține reglementări exprese ale acestuia și nici remedii dedicate. Totuși, prin completarea prevederilor acestuia cu cele ale Codului de procedură civilă, sunt identificate anumite antidoturi procedurale, care vor descuraja comportamentul abuziv al părților procedurii de executare. Articolul prezintă și o analiză a vulnerabilității și deschiderii spre utilizare/interpretare abuzivă a unor norme din Codul de executare, dar și o listă a măsurilor sancționatorii sau compensatorii, direcționate spre anumite comportamente de rea-credință ale debitorului sau creditorului procedurii de executare.Item REGLEMENTĂRI PRIVIND PROCEDURA ÎN ORDONANȚĂ ÎN SISTEMUL DE DREPT ANGLO-SAXON(2023) Josanu, IlonaÎn prezentul articol autorul oferă o analiză a cadrului legislativ a procedurii în ordonanță în sistemul de drept anglosaxon, după exemplul reglementărilor procesual-civile din Statele Unite ale Americii și celor din Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și Irlandei de Nord. Autorul schițează principalele caracteristici și aspecte procedurale ale examinării cauzelor în procedura în ordonanță în sistemul de drept anglo-saxon, evidențiind diferențele față de reglementările adoptate în legislația procesual-civilă a Republicii Moldova. Analiza prezentată în articol accentuează caracterul de bază al procedurii în ordonanță – lipsa litigiului de drept și incontestabilitatea pretențiilor creditorului, importanța deținerii de către părți a unicului mijloc de probă admisibil în procedura în ordonanță – înscrisurilor. Totodată, autorul subliniază importanța existenței procedurii în ordonanță – procedură judiciară simplificată, ce oferă justițiabililor posibilitatea obținerii soluționării în fond a cauzelor necontencioase într-un mod mult mai rapid și mai eficient, comparativ cu durata procedurii judiciare clasice.Item INSOLVABILITATEA ÎNTREPRINDERII: IMPLICAŢII ECONOMICE ŞI JURIDICE(2014) Botnari, Nadejda; Timuș, Angela; Botnari, VeaceslavCrizele economico-financiare atestate în ultimii ani a determinat multe întreprinderi să se confrunte cu problem de insolvenţă dar şi faliment. Falimentul reprezintă o procedură aplicată debitorului în vederea lichidării patrimoniului acestuia pentru satisfacerea creanţelor creditorilor, urmată de radierea debitorului, deci a întreprinderii.Item REFLECȚII JURIDICE ASUPRA PROCEDURII ȘI TERMENULUI DE ELIBERARE A TITLULUI EXECUTORIU(CEP USM, 2024) Căpăţină, MihaelaThe stability of social relations requires a quick and efficient resolution of the conflicts that naturally arise between the subjects of the civil and economic circuit, conflicts that often take the form of legal disputes. The court examination of a case does not represent its finality, the execution procedure of the judgment often constitutes the most complex and time-consuming stage of the civil process. Even though the legislator does not expressly regulate the procedure for issuing the enforceable title and the deadline for issuing such a document, these actions involve a series of subtleties. Due to the lack of explicit regulations or inconsistent jurisprudence, these aspects create several obstacles in practice.Item CONTESTAREA ACTELOR EXECUTORULUI JUDECĂTORESC(CEP USM, 2024) Botnari, VeaceslavThe purpose of this paper is to study the remedies provided by law for the parties in a civil enforcement procedure to defend their rights. Like any other activity, the actions of the people involved in the enforcement procedure, including the bailiff, may sometimes infringe the rights of other persons. For these reasons there must be provided an efficient mechanism to those who claim the violation of their rights by the acts or actions/inactions of the bailiff. In order to achieve the above mentioned goal of this paper, the author has thoroughly study normative provisions and opinions of the national researchers dedicated to this subject. It was established that the parties and participants of the enforcement procedure as well as affected third parties can challenge the actions and documents of the bailiff in court, which has the authority to cancel it. This is an adequate remedy that offers sufficient security for all the involved parties.Item VÂNZAREA BUNURILOR ÎN PROCEDURA DE EXECUTARE SILITĂ(CEP USM, 2024) Novicov, Oxana; Talmaci, RomanForeclosure involves the pursuit of assets and income in order to restore the creditor’s rights. Most often, the pursued assets will be sold by the bailiff in order to satisfy the creditors from the money obtained. This process is often arduous, causing the debtor to resist. The authors analyzed the regulations of the Enforcement Code of the Republic of Moldova that apply to the forced sale of goods. The article identifies the ways of organizing the forced sale of goods, depending on the nature of the good, and also analyzes the procedures applicable to each type of sale. The authors pay special attention to the organization of forced auctions, identifying certain problematic regulatory aspects and analyzing their practical applicability.