Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law

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    Incriminarea infracțiunii de trafic de ființe umane în legislațiile internaționale
    (CEP USM, 2024) Soltan, Vadim
    Human trafficking is a crime that violates human rights. In order to deter criminals and prevent other crimes, states have an obligation to investigate, prosecute and punish criminals. As the number of prosecutions or convictions for human trafficking offenses seems to be very low in each part of the month, the article addresses how different states in the European Union criminalize the crime in their legislation, the way of investigation and the evolution of convictions, as well as how traffickers manage to lure their victims.
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    LATURA OBIECTIVĂ A INFRACȚIUNII PREVĂZUTE DE ART.335 ALIN.(1) DIN CODUL PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2024) Bivol, Octavian
    In this article we aim to analyze the objective side of the crime provided by art.335 para. (1) of the Criminal Code. In this context, we will try to make a brief analysis of the alternative normative modalities provided by the provision of art. 335 para. (1)of the Criminal Code, namely „using the service situation” and „using the organization's assets”. It is important to mention that the occurring of any of two alternative modalities of the act in question is sufficient for taking into account the application of the liability under art. 335 para. (1) of the Criminal Code. Additionally,we try to identify the limits of the service competence of the person who manages a commercial, social or other non-state organization or who works for such an organization, by referring to the actions that clearly exceed the limits of the rights and powers granted to them. At the same time, we try to identify the nature of the prejudicial consequences necessary to be caused, to point out the need for the existence of a causal link between the prejudicial act and the prejudicial consequence,as well as to identify the moment of consummation of the crime provided by art. 335 para. (1) of the Criminal Code.
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    EFECTELE ADOPTĂRII DECIZIEI CURŢII CONSTITUŢIONALE NR. 75/2019 ASUPRA APLICĂRII ART. 335 DIN CODUL PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2021) Bivol, Octavian
    In this article we aim to analyze the effects of the adoption of the Decision of the Constitutional Court no. 75/2019 on the application of art. 335 of the Criminal code. In this context, the application of the criminal law by the subjects empowered with such attributions cannot be carried out by abstraction from the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, which, within the limits of its competence, performs the test of con- stitutionality of the law, as the case may be, in the part concerning quality conditions, pre- dictability of the criminal law, in particular, of the text “of the service situation” from article 335 par. (1) of the Criminal Code. Thus, in the following, we will try to identify the scope of application of the text “of the employment situation”, by referring to the opinions of the doctrinaires and the corresponding normative provisions. Additionally, we will try to opine on the opportunity to regulate exclusively by normative acts the administrative or organi- zational-economic attributions of the persons who manage a commercial, public or other non-state organization or who work for such an organization.
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    RĂSPUNDEREA PENALĂ A PERSOANEI JURIDICE
    (CEP USM, 2015) Buruiană, Olga; Botnaru, Stela
    După adoptarea noului Cod penal în 2002, Republica Moldova a fost printre statele care au adăugat ca subiect al răspunderii penale pe lângă persoana fizicăşi persoana juridică. Răspunderea penală a persoanelor juridice este o încercare a organelor de drept din ţara noastră ce se confruntă cu o entitate complexă, care este o realitate juridică. Spre regret, la stabilirea răspunderii persoanei juridice organele de drept se confruntă cu unele probleme la faza de urmărire penală, şi anume: fuziunea, divizarea, lichidarea şi reducerea capitalului social – modalităţi prin care persoana juridică se poate eschiva de la răspundere penală. Pentru ca această nouă instituţie de drept penal să-şi poată demonstra utilitatea, este necesar să existe măsuri care să prevină eschivarea de la răspundere penală.