Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law

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    Necesitatea şi limitele reglementării constituţionale a administraţiei publice [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Țurcan, Liliana
    The Constitution of the Republic of Moldova, as well as the constitutions of other democratic states, includes a number of provisions applicable to public administration. In this study are presented the constitutional provisions on administrative authorities and their activity, as well as the arguments justifying the need and importance of constitutional regulation of public administration. The constitutional text cannot include detailed provisions on public administration because it is an area that is constantly changing. Thus, in the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova we find only fundamental rules, basic ideas and principles, but the details related to the organization and func- tioning of administrative authorities are set out in laws and acts subordinated to laws.
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    Constituţionalizarea dreptului la apă potabilă de calitate [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Guceac, Ion; Gojan, Valeria
    Today, society faces challenges caused by pollution and envi- ronmental degradation, challenges that affect our right to a decent living and a prosperous life. In the framework of this research, we propose to determine the importance of the constitutionalization of the right to quality drinking water, highlighting the aspects in which the Republic of Moldova has some deficiencies today. Water, the source of life, appears today at the center of the debate on the international agenda. Even the constitutionalists in our country tried to highlight the importance of this subject, coming up with the proposal to enshrine a new right in the Constitution. Analyzing the reports provided by different authorities that provide supervision in the respective field, we notice that we are faced with the low degree of supply of the population with safe drinking water and the unsatisfactory quality of the water. Although the National Program for the implementation of the Protocol on Water and Health in the Republic of Moldova for the years 2016-2025 tried to improve the situation, the problem remains current, increasing the volume of water procured in bottled form.
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    Libertatea de exprimare a mass-media în perioada electorală în jurisprudenţa Curţii Constituţionale a Republicii Moldova [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Țurcan, Serghei
    Freedom of expression is a fundamental right and is an essential element of a democratic society. Freedom of the press gives the public a means to form an opinion on political ideas. The mass media has an important influence in contemporary society: it not only informs, but can suggest, through the way it presents information, how this information should be evaluated. These findings are also valid in the case of media coverage of the elections. During the electoral period, the mass media has the obligation to respect the principles of fairness, balance and impartiality in covering the elections, to inform the public correctly and objectively, to ensure equal opportunities for electoral competitors and a plurality of opinions that reflect the diversity of political opinions in the country.
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    Elemente ale teoriei realiste a dreptului şi interpretarea Constituţiei [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Aramă, Elena
    The legislator in his activity must consider the Constitution. In this direction of activity, the interpretation of the Constitution by the Consti- tutional Court helps to discover the true meanings of the Constitution. In this sense it prevails the axiological model of the Constitution, which emphasizes a set of constitutional principles that underpin the entire activity of interpre- ting the Constitution. Although in principle we distance ourselves from the realist theory of law, some of its elements require attention, especially those related to the personality of the constitutional interpreters.
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    Caracterul suveran şi naţional al puterii constituante – premisă a unei constituţii legitime şi democratice. Cazul constituţiilor Republicii Moldova şi al constituţiilor României [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Ionescu, Cristian
    In this article, the author analyses the relationship between the real expression of the sovereign national will expressed by the Constituent Assemblies and the legitimacy of the constitutions they have drafted. The more the constituent power and its institutional expression – the Constituent Assembly – reflect the sovereign will of the people, its aspirations and its genuine needs for development and progress, the more expressive the constitutional identity of the nation in question will be, and the constitution voted by it will be fully legitimate and will have, by its content, the qualities of a national project. Seen within these limits, a legitimate constitution strengthens the mutual relationship of belonging between state and citizen. A constitution is legitimate to the extent that it is perceived by citizens as their constitution, the mirror and expression of their real aspirations for personal development, as well as their political, socio-economic and cultural development. From this perspective, the author analyses the constitutional moments that culminated in the adoption of constitutions in the Republic of Moldova between 1924-1978 and in Romania between 1948-1965 and concludes that the fundamental laws in question were illegitimate, undemocratic constitutions in the sense that this term has in European constitutional doctrine, since they did not reflect the sovereign will of the respective peoples, they were, in fact, constitutions im- posed, granted by a ruler who was the legitimate holder of power. As for the two republics, they shared a common constitutional path at certain stages in the evolution of their state existence. In this context, the author points out that at the academic and scientific research level, it is necessary to reconstruct and wisely recover the true, real common history of the two states to restore and affirm a single constitutional identity.
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    Protecția drepturilor minorităților naționale
    (CEP USM, 2024) Săftoiu, Mihaela
    Cadrul normative intern și internațional asigură și garantează protecția drepturilor minorităților naționale, începând cu Legea Fundamentală a țării, continuând cu diverse acte normative adoptate în domeniu și terminând cu sistemele internaționale de protecție. Printre cele mai importante sisteme de protecție a drepturilor minorităților naționale menționăm O.N.U., Consiliul Europei, O.S.C.E. și U.E. Problematica minorităților naționale prezintă un specific complex: întâlnim pe de-o parte tendința de separare de majoritate prin cultivarea, dezvoltarea și promovarea unei limbi comune în cadrul minorității, a unei culturi distinctive, unei anumite religii, tradițiilor proprii și altor elemente de comunitate, și, pe de altă parte, tendința de integrare în cadrul majorității.
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    Răspunderea constituțională a șefului statului
    (CEP USM, 2024) Balaban, Mihai
    The head of state occupies an important place in the mechanism of interaction between branches of power, and contributes to ensuring the functioning of state authorities. At the same time, the responsibility of the head of state intervenes in case of violation of the constitutional provisions in the matter. Thus, the forms of responsibility of the head of state in the Republic of Moldova and their grounds are provided by the Constitution. The Constitution of the Republic of Moldova provides for two mechanisms of liability of the President of the Republic, namely: legal liability (criminal) and political liability (constitutional).
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    Teoria drepturilor persoanei vătămate de autoritățile publice [Articol]
    (CEP USM, 2024) Costachi, Gheorghe; Cernean, Iurie
    This article is devoted to the issue of the rights of persons injured by public authorities. The aim pursued by the authors lies in the analysis of the constitutional and legal regulation of the right of the person injured by a public authority in order to specify the content of this right and the way of exercising it as a way of developing the theory of the rights of the person injured by public authorities.
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    Particularities of the Model of Constitutional Justice Applicable in the Republic of Moldova
    (Editura ASEM, 2017-04-28) Zaporojan, Corina
    This article intends to examine the evolution of the constitutional justice applicable in Republic of Moldova, with the establishment of the Constitutional court, analyzing the key differences between European model of Constitutional court and the mechanism created in the Republic of Moldova over the years, while focusing on the concrete Moldavian historical-political background which had an impact on the shaping of the Constitutional Court.
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    Conceptul suveranității poporului din perspectivă istorică
    (2023) Slusarenco, Svetlana; Pozneacova, Veronica
    Conceptul suveranității puterii de stat reprezintă un subiect de bază a întregii filosofii juridice, care s-a dezvoltat începând de la Antichitate și a triumfat în perioada Iluminismului. Conceptul suveranității populare reprezintă o doctrină dominantă în cadrul filosofiei juridice a secolelor XVII-XVIII. Ideea principală promovată de susținătorii acestei doctrine s-a axat pe poziționarea poporului, ca fiind deținătorul principal al puterii de stat, de la care emană voința supremă. În prezent, suveranitatea populară reprezintă baza puterii de stat, iar poporul este văzut ca unicul titular al puterii supreme, ceea ce reprezintă baza constituționalismului contemporan. Prezentul articol reprezintă un studiu dedicat cercetării aspectelor specifice ale conceptului suveranității populare în istoria ideilor. Interesul doctrinar și practic fața de conceptul suveranității populare se bazează pe dimensiunea politico-juridică a acestui concept în cadrul construcției statale. În prezenta cercetare ne-am pus drept scop determinarea rolul conceptului suveranității populare în cadrul constituțional actual, abordarea fiind axată pe analiza aspectelor filozofice a acestei doctrine.