Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law

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    Obiectul infracțiunii prevăzute la art. 168 din Codul Penal
    (CEP USM, 2024) Guidea, Petru
    În acest studiu sunt analizate semnele obiectului infracțiunii de muncă forțată, care este prevăzută la art. 168 din Codul Penal al Republicii Moldova. După determinarea obiectului juridic general și a obiectului juridic generic, este stabilit obiectul juridic de subgrup al infracțiunii de muncă forțată. Această din urmă categorie are conotații teoretice, facilitând reliefarea obiectului juridic special al infracțiunii prevăzute la art. 168 din Codul Penal al Republicii Moldova. În continuare sunt determinate valorile sociale care formează obiectul juridic principal și obiectul juridic secundar al infracțiunii analizate. Investigația se încheie cu dezvăluirea conținutului obiectului imaterial și a caracteristicilor victimei infracțiunii prevăzute la art. 168 din Codul Penal al Republicii Moldova.
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    Aspecte de drept comparat privind reglementarea juridică a clauzei de neconcurenţă în contractele de muncă
    (CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Mihailov, Tatiana
    Although the express regulation of the non-competition clause is a relatively recent one, it is certain that such a specific clause was found in individual employment contracts concluded between employees and employers until 2022. At the same time, as the conditions for the validity of such a clause were not expressly predetermined, most often employers were committing abuses and interpreting it as their exclusive right, without the need for them to comply with any correlative obligations, such as for example the payment of an allowance in favor of the employee or the geographical and temporary limitation of the action of such a clause. In these cases, of course, the insertion of such a non-competition clause in individual employment contracts with the exclusive limitation of the right to carry out any activity by the former employee was in obvious contradiction with the constitutional right to work, established by art. 43 of the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova.
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    Analiza materialelor științifice privind răspunderea penală pentru munca forțată
    (CEP USM, 2024) Guidea, Petru
    In this article, in a chronological sequence, the main doctrinal sources from the Republic of Moldova are analyzed, in which the offense of forced labor (art. 168 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova) is analyzed. The analysis shows that the doctrinaires pay attention to the constitutive elements and the aggravating circumstances of the offense in question. In particular, the following are analyzed: the generic juridical object; special juridical object; material object; victim; the structure and content of the prejudicial act; moment of consumption; the form of guilt and the type of intention; the motive of the offense; the qualities of the subject of the offense. Also, the criteria for delimiting the offense of forced labor in relation to other offenses are examined (in particular, to the crimes provided by the art. 165, 1651, 167 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova). There are studied international and national normative acts that contain reference provisions for art. 168 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. Contradictions and divergences between different doctrinal points of view are highlighted.