Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law
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Item СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ОСНОВНЫХ ЦЕННОСТЕЙ ОБЩЕСТВА И ИХ РАЗВИТИЯ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ(2013) Сосна, Александр; Чеботарь, О.The authors examine topical issues of change and additions to the legislation in force. Based on theoretic research and practical conclusions they bring up conflicts in legal norms and introduce important proposals on further improvement of legislation.Item PERSPECTIVA CONSTITUŢIONALĂ PRIVIND IMPLICAREA SOCIETĂȚII CIVILE LA PROCESUL LEGISLATIV(CEP USM, 2023) Rusu, DorelIncreasing the accountability and transparency of the legislative process is important for building a democratic society that respects and protects human rights and fundamental freedoms. The values on which the institutions of civil society are founded, maintained and developed include humanism, the supremacy of morals, democracy, pluralism, secularism, freedom, equal rights, solidarity, transparency, ownership, work, economic freedom and competition.Item INSTITUȚIILE SOCIETĂȚII CIVILE ÎN CONDIȚIILE CONSTITUȚIONALISMULUI CONTEMPORAN. CONȚINUT ȘI CLASIFICARE(CEP USM, 2020) Rusu, DorelThe values on which the institutions of civil society are founded, maintaned and developed include humanism, the supremacy of morals, democracy, pluralism, secularism, freedom, equal rights, solidarity, transparency, ownership, work, economic freedom and competition. According to these values, individuals associate to defend their rights, having common goals. Examples of such associations are the family, various types of public associations, including public associations - legal entities, media etcItem RECONCEPTUALIZAREA IMPLICĂRII REPREZENTANȚILOR SOCIETĂȚII CIVILE ÎN PROCESUL DE AUTOADMINISTRARE A JUSTIȚIEI(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Josanu, CristinaThe new constitutional regulations, contemporary social and legal trends require a reassessment of the status of civil society representatives in the architecture of self-ad- ministration of justice. The issue in question is of particular importance not only for the national legal reality. The organization of civil society representatives involved in the process of self-administration of justice in the format of an association - an interaction platform, manifested through internal communication and collaboration with relevant professional organizations and civil society concerned, would make an essential contri- bution to building social trust in justice.Item THE ANATOMY OF A DOCTRINAL ENTHUSIASM TURNED INTO NATIONAL DESPAIR(2022) Ciobanu, Rodica; Aramă, ElenaThe concept of the rule of law was a rather new one for the former socialist states, including the Republic of Moldova, but it was a necessity since the fall of the totalitarian regimes in the early 1990s. Until then, there was a broad range of scientific studies on the rule of law in Western literature. The domestic doctrine took up the rich Western scientific sources with enthusiasm and without stepping down the democratic character of the rule of law, emphasized the individual’s freedom as a key element, even though the rule of law implies many other defining features. This undue optimism on the possibilities of the institutions to guarantee the rights and freedoms of individuals has not been accompanied by an analysis and a review of the staff of those institutions that should have promoted a new approach of the relationship between the citizen and the state and, as a result should have put themselves in the service of society, to protect citizens. The researchers left out the question of the quality of the human factor, the human resources that originated in a society where everything was controlled by the Communist Party bodies and proceeded to work within a society where nothing (or almost nothing) was subject to society’s control. The independent media was established later, mostly as a response to the communist’s arrival to power (in 2001). Article developed within the Project "Modernisation of Governing Mechanisms Focused on the Protection of Human Rights”, cipher 20.80009.1606.15 in the Scientific Research Laboratory "Compared Public Law and e-Government”, Law Faculty, Moldova State University.Item SOCIETATEA CIVILĂ CA FORMĂ SPECIFICĂ DE ORGANIZARE A RELAŢIILOR SOCIALE(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2018) Rusu, DorelBy contacting with all socio-political and socio-economical phenomena, civil society issue is present almost in all domains, being linked with all social life's areas - philosophical, social, economic, political, legal etc. Civil society is one of the 3 drivers, on which are based democratic society and may solve efficiently a set of problems. Of course, such a desideratum is actual even for the new democracies. The problem of building a state of law and of a civil society, as well as the mechanism of interaction between these two concepts, presents, at first glance, a purely academic interest for Moldova at the moment. In fact, it is one of the most important not only for the country’s socio-political development, but also for its future. Covering the socio-cultural space between the individual and the state, the civil society is regarded as a decisive factor of success and failure in the consolidation of democracy, as well as, implicitly, in the rule of law in Moldova.Item RISCURILE LA CARE POATE FI EXPUSĂ SOCIETATEA CIVILĂ ÎN CONDIȚIILE REALITĂȚII INFORMAȚIONALE CONTEMPORANE(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2018) Negru, AndreiGenerally, the civil society is presumed to be the active and the most informed part of the society. It would be correct for the subjects of the civil society to involve themselves in reforming such areas as: the independence of justice, the disciplinary liability of judges and prosecutors, the integrity of magistrates and of the civil servants, the fight against corruption etc. Nevertheless, the contemporary information reality proves that many of the representatives of non- governmental organizations do not take in consideration the values that constitute the foundation of the social conscience. In these conditions, can be emphasized some major risks to which may be exposed the hole society: the extremism, the lack of confidence in promoted reforms, general apathy, the lack of interest for the mentioned areas. At the same time, the civil society itself may be threatened by factors as: damaging the integrity and diminishing the professionalism of involved people. The mentioned risks can be overcome by instituting clear and objective requirements to the activity of all the representatives of the civil society, inclusively referring to the financial support of their activity. The aim of this paper is to find solutions to increase the image of the national civil society, through promoting true information in social media and exclusion of useless propaganda.Item RESTRÂNGEREA LIBERTĂȚII DE EXPRIMARE ÎN CONDIȚIILE SOCIETĂȚII DEMOCRATICE(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2021) Guceac, IonThis scientific article starts from the importance of freedom of opinion and expression in the conditions of any democratic society. In the author’s opinion, this freedom is important not only as a means of self-expression, but also from the point of view of ascertainment of the truth, which can be applied to expose cases of violation of the law by public authorities and combating such cases. At the same time, it is argued that this freedom cannot be absolute, unlimited. In this order of ideas is invoked the need to establish an acceptable balance between private and public interests, limiting claims under reasonable conditions, with integrity and opportunity as one of the main objectives of an effective process of legal regulation of social relations. Ignoring and excluding freedom of expression or restricting it too severely can lead to an indolence of social relations.Item AVOCATURA – INSTITUŢIE A SOCIETĂŢII CIVILE(Universitatea de Stat „Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu“, Cahul, 2017) Rusu, Dorelntrînd în contact practic cu orice fenomen social-politic şi socialeconomic, problematica societăţii civile este prezentă aproape în toate domeniile de activitate ale societăţii, avînd tangenţă cu toate sferele vieţii sociale – filosofică, socială, economică, politică, juridică etc. Societatea civilă este unul din cei trei piloni, pe care se bazează societatea democratică şi poate rezolva în mod eficient multe probleme. Desigur, un asemenea deziderat este actual şi pentru noile democraţii. Avocatura este o instituţie de drept independentă a societăţii civile, menită să asigure, pe bază profesională, acordarea de asistenţă juridică calificată persoanelor fizice şi juridice, în scopul apărării drepturilor, libertăţilor şi intereselor lor legitime, precum şi al asigurării accesului la înfăptuirea justiţiei. În ştiinţele juridice care studiază activitatea avocaturii, ar trebui de subliniat nu doar importanţa asigurării drepturilor subiective ale individului, dar şi natura juridică privind impactul activităţii avocaturii în societate.Item INFLUENŢA TELEVIZIUNII ASUPRA PROCESULUI DE PERCEPERE A REALIT ĂŢII SOCIALE, ÎN PRINCIPAL A VIOLENŢEI, DE CĂTRE DEŢINUŢII MINORI ŞI SOCIETATEA CIVILĂ(CEP USM, 2021) Grama, Mariana; Popescu (Soltan), AnaTeleviziunea este mediumul cel mai utilizat în majoritatea ţărilor l umii, devansând radioul şi presa scrisă. Datorită accesibilităţii lui din multiple puncte de vedere, a cunoscut o puternică şi rapidă dezvoltare şi răspândire. Televiziunea este un canal eficient datorită tipului de mesaje de care uzează: mesajele audiovizuale au o forţă persuasivă cu totul deo sebită, ţinând de forţa de sugestie a imaginii, culorii şi mişcării (implică mai multe tipuri de analizatori, o percepţie mai completă şi complexă). Ele sunt mai facile din punct de vedere intelectual, fiind uşor de asimilat fără un efort deosebit. Această asimilare facilă este şi mai mult sporită de faptul că televiziunea este un mass -medium prin excelenţă non-selectiv: oamenii au puţin control asupra conţinutului programelor TV; de multe ori ei se uită la televizor fără să se întrebe ce fel de imagini li se derulează prin faţa ochilor. De asemenea, este un medium non -selectiv şi sub raportul timpului: oamenii se uită la televizor între anumite ore când sunt disponibili pentru aceasta, şi mai rar pentru a urmări anumite programe conştient selectate. Studiul dat se axează pe cercetarea influenței canalului mediatic de televiziune asupra procesului de percepere a realităţii sociale, în principal a violenţei, de către deţinuţii minori şi societatea civilă. Problematica este abordată din punctul de vedere al teoriei cultivării.Pentru testarea şi verificarea ipotezelor de bază a fost folosită metoda experimentului de tip invocat, multivariat, în care s-au încorporat două metode cantitative de culegere a datelor: ancheta pe bază de chestionar şi metoda psihometrică, reprezentată de un inventar de personalitate.Lotul experimental a fost format în total din 86 de subiecţi, diferenţiaţi în funcţie de mai multe criterii: statut socio-juridic (deţinuţi minori şi societatea civilă), statut profesional (fără studii şi cu studii) şi statut socioeconomic (scăzut şi înalt). Cercetarea s-a realizat în perioada 2018-2019.