Facultatea de Drept / Faculty of Law

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Author: search.filters.author.Erhan, IanușSubject: search.filters.subject.rule of law

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    Conceptul statului de drept în Uniunea Europeană
    (CEP USM, 2024) Erhan, Ianuș
    În poziția UE cu referință la negocierile de aderare ce vizează epublica Moldova este indicat că urmează să adopte integral acquis-ul UE și să asigure implementarea și aplicarea deplină a acestuia.Acesta încorporează metodologia revizuită de extindere, care prevede o atenție și mai puternică asupra reformelor fundamentale, iar ţara noastră va trebui să îmbrățișeze pe deplin și să continue să implementeze reformele în domeniile statului de drept. Pentru ca un stat să devină membru al UE urmează să realizeze o multitudine de condiționalități şi cerințe, dar una care este omniprezentă chiar de la început ca şi condiție sine-qua-non pentru a iniția discuțiile de aderare şi durează pe tot parcursul procesului de integrare, este anume garantarea „statului de drept”.Statul de drept în accepțiunea acquis-ului UE, dar şi cerințelor şi condiţionalităţilor solicitate, reprezintă unul din pilonii de bază pe care se vor baza negocierile de aderare, iar dedicația care va fi demonstrată, dar şi consecvența necesară va determina dacă deținem sau nu capacitatea necesară pentru a garanta statul de drept în înțelesul său unional. Astfel, statul de drept este una din valorile fundamentale ale UE care, chiar şi după accederea statului în cadrul Uniunii, este un deziderat necesar de realizat, asigurat şi garantat fără careva condiționări şi restricționări, în caz contrar statul membru poate fi responsabilizat prin mecanismele instituite prin TUE, dar şi la nivel decizional şi funcțional de către instituțiile UE.
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    CONDIŢIILE DE GARANTARE ŞI ASIGURARE A BUNEI GUVERNĂRI ÎN DOMENIUL SECURITĂŢII PUBLICE
    (CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Erhan, Ianuș
    Today, the need to ensure and guarantee public security becomes a priority that needs to be achieved without discussions and arguments in the sense of diminishing their impact and importance. The current systems and some states, even if they are considered democratic, do not reach the desired level of public safety, and the explanations are different, starting from the inability of the competent authorities to carry out their duties effectively and ending with the state’s inability to create viable and democratic systems. Regarding human rights and freedoms, they are partially respected, certain areas are exposed to corruption factors, and citizens do not feel safe. More than that, the fragility with which public security guarantee mechanisms are built make them vulnerable to both internal and external crises, and public security is not guaranteed at the expected level. Good governance, including the security sector, means applying certain principles in the exercise of power that ensure uniform and consistent application of public service standards based on democratic values. This is why the analysis of the field of public order and security through the prism of the principles of good governance has the role of determining what is the state of affairs within it, what are the existing problems and deficiencies, as well as possible ways to remedy them.
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    STATUL DE DREPT VERSUS STATUL POLIŢIENESC – ASPECTE COMPARATIVE
    (CEP USM, 2023) Erhan, Ianuș
    The legal status of institutions with police powers in the state of the police, has been and still is a fundamental issue on which the democratic or totalitarian nature of a state depends. The democratic functioning of the state of law cannot be conceived outside a regulatory framework, to coordinate the behavior of individuals according to the established type of behavior in society. We know that the Police is the public authority, which implements the policies of the state in the areas of competence entrusted to it, provides state security services, having the primary mission to protect people, respect their rights and freedoms, to enforce the law, achieve the control and prevent crime, maintaining and ensuring public order. It is known that when the principle of the precedence of law does not prevail in a state, the fundamental human rights and freedoms are not protected at the proper level. When the interests of the state are clearly superior in relation to those of the human and these interests are ensured by methods of coercion applied by repressive bodies, such a state is qualified as a policestate, antipode of the state of law, democratic. Therefore, the qualification ,,police state” has a negative significance, in relation to international standards regarding the state of law, fundamental human rights and freedoms and the principles of humanism, social equity and justice. The implementation of Police activities, first, is related to their legal framing in the legal construction existing in a state and making them known to the public. Subsequently, the endowment, development, allocation of necessary resources should not be associated with the tendency of creation/development of the police state, but the most effective implementation of the state’s police law. Likewise, capacity building, giving certain levers, even in a repressive aspect, must be linked to the real needs and problems that exist in society.