Facultatea de Chimie şi Tehnologie Chimică / Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology

The purpose of this paper was to test the bees feeding of aquatic microalgae biomass like Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus Apiculatus Hortob, Oocystis borgei Snow, and elaboration of feeding procedures of bee families during the deficit harvesting periods in nature, the end of winter and early spring (February - March). The research was carried out on Apis mellifera Carpatica bee families at the experimental apiary of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. At the end of February, 5 similar batches of bees were formed, with 13-15 families in each batch. Each bee family was given once, 200g in a 7:3 ratio of mixture of sugar powder with honey, the consistency of a dense gelatinous paste in disk form, a disk at each bee frame. In batch I (witness), the bees received only the nutritive paste made of sugar powder + honey; In batch II the bees received nutrient paste enriched with the nutritional supplement known as Apispir in quantity of 2 ml of solution by 10% (200 mg active substance) per 1 kg of paste; In batches III, IV and V, the bees received the food nutritive paste, enriched with the biomass of aquatic microalgae, respectively: Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus apiculatus and Oocystis borgei Snow, in quantity of 10 ml of suspension by 2.0% concentration (200 mg dry substance) to 1 kg of paste. At 100 days from the date of feeding the bees with nutritive paste (which coincided with the first collection), at each family in the experimental batches, individually, was evaluated: the queen prolificacy, the capped brood quantity, the strength of the family, the resistance to diseases, the viability of the brood, the quantity of wax increased on the combs, the quantity of pasture and honey accumulated in the nest. The results of the research have demonstrated that feeding bee families during deficit periods of harvesting in nature with a 7: 3 ratio sugar-powder + honey, nutritional mixture, enriched with biologically active supplements from Scenedesmus quadricauda, Scenedesmus apiculatus and Oocystis borgei Snow contributes to the increase, compared to the control batch: of the prolificacy of the queens by 7.8-10.3% (td = 3.5-5.2; P <0.01-0.001); the quantity of brood - by 7.7-9.3% (td = 3.4-4.7; P <0.01-0.001); the strength of the bee family - by 7.1-9.3% (td = 3.0-3.5, P <0.01); resistance of families to diseases - by 1.8-3.8% (td = 1.6-3.6; P <0.1-0.01); viability of brood - by 1.2-1.7% (td = 2.2-2.9; P <0.05-0.01); wax production increased by 13.3-36.7% (td = 2.9-6.4; P <0.01-0.001); the quantity of bee bread accumulated in the nest - by 15.527.6% (td = 3.4- 8.4, P <0.01-0.001); the quantity of honey accumulated in the nest at the first harvest - by 28.0-38.9% (td = 7.2-9.9, P <0.001). On the basis of the researches have elaboration, new procedures of feeding bee families during the deficit periods of harvesting in the nature and obtained patents of invention (MD 1061 Y 2016.08.31, MD 1079 Y 2016.08.31, MD 1079 Y 2016.10.31).

Facultatea de Chimie şi Tehnologie Chimică / Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology

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