Youth Emigration from Türkiye: Trends, Determinants and Policy Perspectives [Articol]

Abstract

This study analyzes the growing phenomenon of youth emigration from Türkiye by inte grating statistical data, conceptual discussions, and policy perspectives. The findings show that individuals aged 20–29 consistently constitute one of the largest emigrant cohorts, indicating that youth emigration has become a persistent and structural trend. Economic instability, un employment, income insecurity, and limited merit-based career opportunities remain key push factors driving young people abroad, while aspirations for improved living conditions, quality education, and global mobility further strengthen their motivation to migrate. Statistical evidence from 2016–2024 demonstrates a significant increase in youth outflows, alongside a shift toward more permanent settlement patterns among young emigrants. Regional analyses highlight that major metropolitan provinces despite offering greater opportunities also generate the highest levels of youth emigration, reflecting deeper concerns about future prospects and institutional trust. The study argues that youth emigration is not solely an economic issue but a multidimen sional societal challenge affecting Türkiye’s human capital, innovation capacity, and long-term development. Based on these insights, the paper underscores the need for comprehensive youth centered policies focusing on labor market reforms, improved educational pathways, merit-based recruitment, and strategic diaspora engagement to address the ongoing outflow of young talent.