Gândire etică: argumente morale pentru acțiuni morale practice [Articol]

Abstract

Moral reasoning is the same as all reasoning due to the fact it involves premises and conclusions. The difference between moral reasoning and the others is that, by Shafer-Landau (2012), ethical thinking should have two complementary goals – getting right and being able to back up the views. Saunders (2013) is challenging this perspective sustaining that moral judgment is more than an application of domain-general reasoning to ethical questions and the that people’s moral judgments are reliably influenced by their emotions, especially disgust and happiness. In addition to these competing perspective, Nagel (2007/1970) bring into discussion a conception of ethics according to which some moral principles state rational conditions on desire and action, especially in the case of altruism. Since we are morally obliged to devote a significant proportion of our resources to helping others (Singer 2015) what are the effective arguments for moral action in the case of altruistic actions? The paper will further discuss the arguments underlying effective altruism (Singer 2015, MacAskill, W. 2019) and the relations that prudent calculations develop with time, affecting both the present and future.