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    INVESTIGAREA STRUCTURALĂ A CONCEPTELOR LEGISLAȚIEI INSTRUCTIVE PRIMARE DIN BASARABIA ÎN ANII ′70 - ′80 AI SEC. AL XIX-lea. REZULTATE STATISTICE
    (CEP USM, 2024) Ețco, Diana
    As a result of the reforms promoted in all spheres of activity of the Russian state, including education, during the last two decades of the 19th century, the situation changed radically. Therefore, both the number of educational institutions and the school contingent enrolled in studies has increased considerably. In 1890, in Bessarabia, 403 village public schools were operating, within which a school contingent of 31,324 students was trained. Overall, 620 primary education institutions operated in the region, with a school contingent of 38,301 students. From the total number of schools, indicated above, 596 educational institutions, including - 101 heads, were subordinated to the Ministry of Public Education (13, p.14). Towards the end of the eighth decade of the 19th century, the table of figures, which illustrated the situation in Bessarabian public education, changed radically. Jewish schools already accounted for only 17% of the total ministerial public educational institutions (and not - 75%, as it was previously), although their number remained practically unchanged, the decrease was achieved due to the establishment of a considerable contingent of new public village schools, which were meant to train the Bessarabian rural population. Therefore, the positive impact of the education reforms was substantiated by the 68%, which belonged to village schools, from the total number of school units, subordinated to the Ministry of Public Instruction
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    CONCESIUNILE – INSTRUMENT DE VALORIFICARE A DOMENIILOR STATULUI ÎN BASARABIA (1812-1863)
    (CEP USM, 2024) Emilciuc, Andrei
    In this article we analyze the particularities of the capitalization of state domains in Bessarabia through the concession of potential sources of income to private entrepreneurs. Studying the archival documentary sources allowed us to conclude that the concessions represented for the Russian government the main tool for the valorization of its domains in Bessarabia from its annexation to the empire in 1812 and until the beginning of the 1860s. The active involvement of entrepreneurs in the economic organization of the province – by expanding the system of concessions,freed the Russian state from the burden of paying numerous new officials and guaranteed the receipt of expected revenues without any additional institutional expenses. The negative impact of concessions was their gradual monopolization by entrepreneurs from outside the province. As a result, entrepreneurs from Bessarabia were deprived of an important source of primary capital accumulation, while the province – of serious investments from the concessionaires.