Browsing by Author "Zaporojan, Iancu"

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    EXERCITAREA ATRIBUŢIILOR ÎN SECTORUL PUBLIC ÎN SITUAŢIE DE CONFLICT DE INTERESE: ABORDĂRI DOCTRINARE PRIVIND OPORTUNITATEA DE INCRIMINARE
    (2024) Zaporojan, Iancu
    The obligation of the Republic of Moldova to establish criminal liability for the acts of exercising duties in the public sector in a conflict of interest situation does not derive from the international normative acts of reference. In art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova the consummated conflict of interest is criminalized, not the potential conflict of interest or the real conflict of interest. Therefore, the conflict of interest that presents the highest prejudicial degree is criminalized. Moreover, the purpose of obtaining, directly or indirectly, a patrimonial advantage whose value exceeds 10,000 conventional units, which is mentioned in art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, allows the delimitation of the criminal offense from the disciplinary offense. This value threshold is necessary and sufficient to make such a delimitation. Considering these aspects, we agree with the quasi-unanimous doctrinal opinion favoring the criminalization of acts of exercise of powers in the public sector in situations of conflict of interests.
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    MATERIALELE ȘTIINȚIFICE PRIVIND RĂSPUNDEREA PENTRU EXERCITAREA ATRIBUŢIILOR ÎN SECTORUL PUBLIC ÎN SITUAȚIE DE CONFLICT DE INTERESE
    (CEP USM, 2023) Zaporojan, Iancu
    Un aport mai mult sau mai puțin semnificativ în ceea ce privește analiza infracţiunilor, prevăzute la art. 3261 din Codul penal al Republicii Moldova, l-au adus: O. Bivol; S. Brînza; R. Capbătut; C. Chihai; A. Dupu; A. Eșanu; V. Stati (Republica Moldova); C. M. Bobașu; S. Bogdan; A. Lazăr; M. Mareș; L. Pușcașu; N. -C. Ursulescu; G. A. Ușurelu (România); O. I. Bezpalova; K. L. Bugaiciuk; O.V. Djafarova; V. O. Ivanțov; V. V. Pivovarov; S. O. Șatrava; O. V. Tokar-Ostapenko; L. O. Zavgorodnea (Ucraina). La aspectele juridico-penale ale exercitării atribuţiilor în sectorul public în situație de conflict de interese se referă doar publicațiile unor autori din Republica Moldova și din România: S. Bogdan; S. Brînza; C. Chihai; A. Eșanu; A. Lazăr; L. Pușcașu; V. Stati etc. Alți autori se concentrează exclusiv pe problemele de natură juridico-administrativă ale conflictului de interese, care contează indirect pentru prezenta investigație: R. Capbătut; A. Dupu; V. V. Pivovarov; O. V. Tokar-Ostapenko.
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    Obiectul juridic de subgrup al infracțiunilor de exercitare a atribuţiilor în sectorul public în situaţie de conflict de interese
    (CEP USM, 2024) Zaporojan, Iancu
    In the context of the offenses provided by the art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, the patrimonial advantage obtained by the subject of these offenses cannot be regarded as illicit remuneration. On the contrary, the commission of corruption offenses cannot be conceived in the absence of illicit remuneration. We have no grounds to state that, in all cases, the offenses provided by the art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, are committed either together with an act of corruption, or in direct connection with an act of corruption. The offenses specified in the art. 3261, 327-329, 3301, 3302, 332, 3321 and 3322 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, have the same juridical object of subgroup. This object is formed by social relations regarding the good conduct of activity in the public sphere, incompatible with that violation of service obligations that is not directly related to corruption.
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    Obiectul juridic generic al exercitării atribuţiilor în sectorul public în situaţie de conflict de interese: conotaţii de drept comparat
    (CEP USM, 2024-11-07) Zaporojan, Iancu
    The generic juridical object is common for the offenses provided by the same chapter of the criminal law. In the present investigation, we propose to establish the comparative law connotations of the generic juridical object of the offenses provided by the art. 3261 “The exercise of duties in the public sector in a situation of conflict of interests” of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. In foreign criminal laws, the generic juridical object of the exercise of duties in the public sector in a situation of conflict of interests, is designed according to the criminal policy priorities of each state. It would not be correct at all to say that a wrong approach is established in those foreign criminal laws where the generic juridical object of the respective offenses is formed by the social values (and associated social relations) protected against: corruption and/or abuse of office; financial offenses. Simply, in the respective states (Luxembourg, Nigeria, Norway etc.), the emphasis of criminal policy is placed in a different way than in the criminal law of the Republic of Moldova.
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    Obiectul juridic special al exercitării atribuţiilor în sectorul public în situaţie de conflict de interese
    (CEP USM, 2024) Zaporojan, Iancu
    The purpose of this article is to determine the special juridical object of the offenses of exercise of powers in the public sector in a situation of conflict of interests, which are provided by the art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. In order to achieve this purpose, the following methods were applied: the formal (dogmatic) legal method; the systemic analysis method; the comparative legal method. With the help of the norms to which art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova refers, the special juridical object of the two offenses provided by this article was established.
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    Valoarea socială fundamentală apărată contra infracţiunilor prevăzute de art. 326` din Codul Penal: analiză de drept comparat
    (CEP USM, 2024-09-20) Zaporojan, Iancu
    Social values (expressly or implicitly mentioned in para. (1) art. 2 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova), together with the associated social relations, form the general legal object of the crimes provided for by the special part of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova. In foreign criminal laws, the generic legal object of the crimes, which are similar in certain aspects to the crimes provided for in art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova, is designed according to the priorities of the criminal policy of each state. It would not be correct at all to say that the approach established in those foreign criminal laws where the generic legal object of the respective crimes is formed by the social values (and associated social relations) protected against: corruption and/or abuse of office; financial crimes. Simply, in the respective states, the emphasis of criminal policy is placed in a different way than in the criminal law of the Republic of Moldova. The good performance of the activity in the public sphere (and the associated social relations) form the generic legal object of the crimes provided for in art. 3261 of the Criminal Code of the Republic of Moldova.