Browsing by Author "Todiraș, Vladimir"

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Capturarea daunatorului polifag – gândacul păros (Epicometis hirta poda) prin aplicarea capcanelor colorate neadezive cu atractanți
(CEP USM, 2024) Zubcu, Ion; Todiraș, Vladimir
The paper presents the results of research aimed at establishing the effectiveness of non-adhesive colored traps and attractants for control of Epicometis hirta in the plum orchard. The respective evaluation studies were carried out during the year 2024, namely the II trimester. The assessment of the frequency of the attack, the intensity of the flight, the degree of attack and the determination of the biological effectiveness of the traps in combating the mentioned pests was carried out according to the classical methods specific to the applied technical-experimental field.
Eficacitatea extractelor vegetale din sofora (Sophora flavescens) și neem (Azadirachta indica) în combaterea dăunătorilor din spațiu protejat
(CEP USM, 2024) Todiraș, Vladimir; Gușan, Ana; Soran, Maria-Loredana; Stegarescu, Adina
In this study we present the results of efficacy of plant extracts from Sophora (Sophora flavescens) and Neem (Azadirachta indica) in greenhouse pest control. Bioassays were performed on aphids and spider mites in order to compare the pesticidal activity of new preparative form and extracts from Sophora flavescens and NEEM-01 with that of the commercial biorational products Pelecol and MatrinBio. The extact NEEM- 01 at a dose of 10 l/ ha has potential as aphicide and acaricide, although in terms of efficacy in controlling aphids and mites it is different. NEEM-01 was quite effective against the aphid population compared to spider mites, which are more mobile, ceasing to feed on the treated leaf. A higher mortality of pests with higher biological efficacy of NEEM- 01 was achieved after two treatments with an interval of 10 days between them.
EFICACITATEA PREPARATELOR CARBECOL ȘI FUNECOL ÎN DIMINUAREA AFECȚIUNILOR UNOR PATOGENI DE NATURĂ MICOTICĂ ÎN PLANTAȚIA POMICOLĂ DE PRUN
(CEP USM, 2023) Zubcu, Ion; Todiraș, Vladimir
The testing was carried out in an orchard plum Stanley, with a planting scheme of 5x3 m, the harmfulness of dangerous diseases such as clasterosporium or perforated spotting (Clasterosporium carpophilum Aderch.), polystigmosis or red spotting, spotting (Polystigma rubrum Pers.) and moniliosis (Monilia spp.) was observed. The objects to be tested were a biological preparation - fungicide Carbecol, with the active substance sodium bicarbonate and Funecol SL with the active substance copper sulfate 79 g/l. The experiment scheme included 4 variants, in 2 of which preparations were tested Carbecol- 4 kg/ha, Funecol SL 3 l/ha in 2 different doses, in one variant - a chemical standard and a variant (trees were sprayed with clean drinking water without adding an fungicide). The fungicide used in production – Pencozeb 75 WG – 2 kg/ha served as the Standard.
Eficacitatea sulfului SC în combaterea făinării la vița de vie în agricultura ecologică
(CEP USM, 2024) Popa, Alexei; Todiraș, Vladimir; Tretiacova, Tatiana; Gușan, Ana
The purpose of the research was to determine the biological effectiveness of the product based on liquid sulfur as a fungicide in the prevention and control of powdery mildew (Uncinula necator) in grapevines. The product based on liquid sulphur, which meets the requirements for organic farming, with doses between 3.0-4.0 l/ha, in the climatic conditions of 2024, has been shown to be 92% effective at the level of the chemical standard Kumulus DF in the prevention and control of powdery mildew (U. necator) in grapevines. The data obtained are preventive and research will continue.
OPTIMIZAREA TERMENELOR DE EFECTUARE A TRATAMENTELOR ÎN COMBATEREA VIERMELUI MERELOR
(CEP USM, 2023) Tretiacova, Tatiana; Gușan, Ana; Todiraș, Vladimir
Applying the concept of degree-days to estimate the timing of pest emergence adequately describes the development cycle of the apple worm. Codling moth Cydia pomonella, as has been considered have two generation in Moldova, with only rare isolated cases of an incomplete third generation. In the light of recent advancements on the topic of climate change, a possible shift towards more than two generations per year has to be considered. Change of generation number would also require a shift in recommendations for codling moth management. Different generation number patterns were observed ranging from typical two generation development in 2021 to a pattern strongly suggesting three generation codling moth development in 2019.
UTILIZAREA SISTEMUL DE CLASIFICARE BIOCLASS PENTRU EVALUAREA RISCULUI FITOSANITAR
(CEP USM, 2023) Todiraș, Vladimir; Tretiacova, Tatiana; Gușan, Ana; Popa, A.
This study aims to evaluate opportunities to use the online classification system BioClass for phytosanitary risk assessment. BioClass is a GIS tool designed to solve multiple-criteria classification and optimization problems. The aim of BioClass is to introduce advances in Multi-objective Decision Making for real world problems. In BioClass we joined the advantages of rough sets, crisp level sets and fuzzy sets methods to improve classification processes. Information from pest models can be used to simulate and predict the intensity and potential pest threat. Interactions among microclimate components on sawfly (Haplocampa testudinea), codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) and scab (Venturia inaequalis) using GIS technologies was studied. For modeling, maps of the sum of active and effective temperatures were constructed by the Kriging interpolation method. The precision of beginning of the continuous flight of apple coddling moth and the calendar date for the first and second treatment in the orchards with a high and medium density of the pest were calculated. The accuracy of the forecast model for different sectors was 1–3 days. The BioClass system was used to identify pest economic damage thresholds in space for the identification of outbreaks and application of protective measures with the help of small flying devices of the drone type. The results confirmed that the BioClass classification system can be used for the online agro-ecological classification of the territory at household, region, country level and to provide farmers' consultation centers and forecasting stations with precise information for phytosanitary risk assessment.
Utilizarea sistemului de clasificare Bioclass pentru prognoza fenologică
(CEP USM, 2024) Todiraș, Vladimir; Tretiacova, Tatiana
This study aims to evaluate opportunities to use the online classification system BioClass for elaboration of phenological prognoses. Information from pest models can be used to simulate and predict the intensity and potential pest threat. Interactions among microclimate components on codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) using GIS technologies was studied. The precision of beginning of the continuous flight of apple coddling moth and the calendar date for the first and second treatment in the orchards with a high and medium density of the pest were calculated. BioClass is a GIS tool designed to solve multiple-criteria classification and optimization problems. For decisions support, an online version of the Phenological Forecast and Solutions module was developed and is located on http://www.ecobionet.com/GISModele.aspx. Opportunities to use the BioClass program for agricultural heritage assessment were analyzed. The results confirmed that the BioClass classification system can be used for the online phenological modellings at household, region, country level and to provide farmers' consultation centers and forecasting stations with precise information for phytosanitary risk assessment.