Browsing by Author "Săftoiu, Mihaela"

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CONSTITUȚIONALIZAREA PRINCIPIULUI LOIALITĂȚII CONSTITUȚIONALE
(CEP USM, 2022-03-17) Săftoiu, Mihaela; Cîrnaţ, Teodor
The principle of constitutional loyalty is of interest both nationally and internationally, since loyalty to the values, rules and principles set out in the Constitution must be, both in theory and in practice, a very solid connectivity element in the relations between the various public authorities. In Romania, the principle of constitutional loyalty is not expressly mentioned in the Constitution. The Constitutional Court of Romania has deductively interpreted the obligation of constitutional loyalty from a principle expressly provided for in the Fundamental Law – the separation and balance of powers in the state. Nor does the Constitution of the Republic of Moldova contain express provisions of this principle. Its treatment brings into question the existence of the “constitutionality bloc” in the Republic of Moldova.
DISCRIMINAREA PE CRITERII LINGVISTICE
(CEP USM, 2023) Săftoiu, Mihaela
In any state configuration in which diversity is not accepted and equality of rights is not effectively respected and the protection measures taken by the State for the expression and development of specific identity are not effective, the phenomenon of discrimination occurs, which, in addition to the political factors involved in its emergence and development, also has psychological, social and historical factors, being a complex phenomenon. Discrimination is the different treatment of a person in connection with his or her recognition or exercise of rights because he has a characteristic or is perceived to have a specific characteristic, which may be the criterion of race, colour, nationality, ethnic origin, language, religion or belief, sex, age, disability, political opinion or membership, sexual orientation or any other similar criterion. Discrimination on the basis of language is a form of discrimination based on differences in spoken or written language, and the establishment of the minority language in a state is a first step in its analysis. Linguistic discrimination is one of the most serious forms of discrimination because it refers to the very element that connects, develops and perpetuates human communities and separates us from the animal kingdom – articulated speech.
Protecția drepturilor minorităților naționale
(CEP USM, 2024) Săftoiu, Mihaela
Cadrul normative intern și internațional asigură și garantează protecția drepturilor minorităților naționale, începând cu Legea Fundamentală a țării, continuând cu diverse acte normative adoptate în domeniu și terminând cu sistemele internaționale de protecție. Printre cele mai importante sisteme de protecție a drepturilor minorităților naționale menționăm O.N.U., Consiliul Europei, O.S.C.E. și U.E. Problematica minorităților naționale prezintă un specific complex: întâlnim pe de-o parte tendința de separare de majoritate prin cultivarea, dezvoltarea și promovarea unei limbi comune în cadrul minorității, a unei culturi distinctive, unei anumite religii, tradițiilor proprii și altor elemente de comunitate, și, pe de altă parte, tendința de integrare în cadrul majorității.