Browsing by Author "Rotaru, Liliana"

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    1956: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIȘINĂU
    (2020) Rotaru, Liliana
    In this study, the author analyses the linguistic controversies that erupted at the department of ―Moldovan‖ language and literature of the State Pedagogical Institute of Chisinau during the controversial year 1956. After a few years of real linguicide promoted by I. D. Ceban, the director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldovan Scientific Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, de-Stalinization and Khrushchev's Thaw, allowed the ―Romanianophiles, slightly camouflaged‖ philologists, to reject the theses of the ―specifics of the Moldovan language‖ and to affirm the linguistic unity of the people that were living on both banks of the Prut, even though the Prut was just a political border. These linguistic controversies between these two opposite camps of the philologist-teachers of the department of the ―Moldovan‖ language and literature are important for the explanation of the perpetuation of Romanianism and genesis of the national movement in the 80‘s.
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    ASPECTUL LINGVISTIC AL REFORMEI HRUȘCIOVISTE A ȘCOLII ÎN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ
    (Lexon-Prim, 2023) Rotaru, Liliana
    The present study analyzes the „adjustments” of the Soviet language policy in the context of the Khrushchevist school reform of the late 1950s - early 1960s. The „School Law”, including the one voted on April 19, 1959 by the Supreme Soviet of the Moldavian SSR, which provided for the right of parents to decide „in which school with the language of instruction to enroll their children” and the „freedom” of choosing „Moldovan language” by the students studying in the school with the Russian language of instruction, reflects the policy of systematic and intentional Russification of the Soviet peoples , the Soviet regime pursuing the „complete fusion of nations” and the formation of a new historical community - the „Soviet people” for which the common language was to be Russian.
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    „ATMOSFERA MORALĂ ȘI PSIHOLOGICĂ” ÎN MEDIUL STUDENȚESC ÎN FAZA DE GERMINARE A MIŞCĂRII DE RENAŞTERE NAŢIONALĂ ÎN RSSM
    (2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    The context created by the premises and evolution of the national revival Movement and the delayed restructuring of the Soviet higher education stimulated the civic activism and the involvement of the „easily inflamma- ble collective” of students in the events taking place in the MSSR in the second half of the 80s. Students from higher education institutions of the MSSR initiated actions consistent with the general objectives of perestroika, glasnost and national reawakening even before 1988, only that their actions were small, often singular, and the most resonant were identified and promptly penalized by the “competent bodies”, who monitored the mood of the academic collectives with particular attention. Although they had a complex network of methods and instruments for monitoring the „moral atmosphere and psychology” of the students, towards the end of 1988, the party authorities lost control and the battle for the minds and spirits of the students, they demonstrating civic and political maturity in the events of November 1988.
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    CONSTITUIREA SISTEMULUI DE ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNT SUPERIOR SOVIETIC ÎN RSSM (1940-1941)
    (Muzeul Naţional de Arheologie şi Istorie a Moldovei, 2021) Rotaru, Liliana
    The Sovietization process, initiated after the annexation of Bessarabia and the creation of the MSSR in the summer of 1940, also included the expansion of the Soviet-style education system in the newly acquired territories, including the creation of an impressive number of higher educational institutions. Besides the working high schools in the former territories of MASSR, two pedagogical higher educational institutions, an agricultural institute, and a music high school were created on the right bank of the Dniester, all taking over the patrimony of interwar educational institutions and making use of the Romanian educational traditions. The analysis of the connection between the Soviet propagandistic statements about a “Moldovan” and universal high school, free of charge and the organization of studies in the “mother tongue” and the planning of the Soviet higher institutions according to the realities after the first annexation of Bessarabia, convinced the author of the research about the control of the propaganda and political-ideological elements over the professional elements of the higher education system of the MSSR.
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    CONSTRUCȚIA NAȚIONALĂ ȘI SOCIALĂ A CORPULUI STUDENȚESC POSTBELIC AL UNIVERSITĂȚII DE STAT DIN MOLDOVA
    (CEP USM, 2018) Rotaru, Liliana
    Incongruența dintre politica națională declarată a statului sovietic și impetuozitatea și perseverența regimului comunist de a edifica un sistem al învățământului superior în RSS Moldovenească, în lipsa unor condiții oportune în primii ani de după cel de-al Doilea Război Mondial, a determinat constituirea unui contingent studențesc hibridizat și distorsionat din punct de vedere etnic și social. Așa-numitul „învățământ superior moldovenesc” și pentru „moldoveni” era, de fapt, un învățământ care se realiza preponderent în limba rusă, iar cea mai mare parte a studenților (dar și a cadrelor didactice) erau de origine salvă (ruși, ucraineni, bieloruși), „reprezentanții populației autohtone – moldovenii” fiind în proporție maximă de 30 la sută în această perioadă. Politica autorităților de stat și de partid sovietice a asigurat crearea unei structuri naționale și sociale a corpului studențesc care favoriza și stimula sovietizarea, rusificarea și rusianizarea învățământului superior din RSS Moldovenească.
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    CUM A DEVENIT ATEISMUL DISCIPLINĂ ACADEMICĂ
    (CEP USM, 2022-05-27) Rotaru, Liliana
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    DEPOLITIZAREA ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTULUI SUPERIOR DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA ȘI REABILITAREA VICTIMELOR POLITICII DE DEZNAȚIONALIZARE
    (CEP USM, 2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    The de-ideologization and depoliticization of higher education, which accompanied the reform of the vocational school in the Soviet Union during the process of Gorbachevist restructuring, took place in the Moldovan SSR/SSR Moldova in the context of the national movement of Bessarabian Romanians. Thus, the process of giving up the ideologized and indoctrinated educational system was completed and focused on the return of Moldovan higher education to the Romanian national traditions of European origin. The return of high school to the space of national education also involved reconsidering the history and people who were victims of the policy of denationalization of higher education during the Soviet period. This policy includes the actions of moral rehabilitation of expelled students and teachers that were dismissed for "manifestations of nationalism", actions initiated in 1990-1991 by the Ministry of Science and Education Moldovan SSR/RSS Moldova. The moral rehabilitation of the students and academics expelled from high school for political reasons did not have a legal character, but it was proof of civic attitude and moral responsibility towards people who have chosen dignity over the personal interest of maintaining the social and professional status provided by the regime. These people decided to pass over the fear and to confront the regime in order to preserve their national values and traditions.
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    DEPOLITIZAREA ÎNVĂȚĂMÂNTULUI SUPERIOR DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA ȘI REABILITAREA VICTIMELOR POLITICII DE DEZNAȚIONALIZARE
    (CEP USM, 2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    The de-ideologization and depoliticization of higher education, which accompanied the reform of the vocational school in the Soviet Union during the process of Gorbachevist restructuring, took place in the Moldovan SSR/SSR Moldova in the context of the national movement of Bessarabian Romanians. Thus, the process of giving up the ideologized and indoctrinated educational system was completed and focused on the return of Moldovan higher education to the Romanian national traditions of European origin. The return of high school to the space of national education also involved reconsidering the history and people who were victims of the policy of denationalization of higher education during the Soviet period. This policy includes the actions of moral rehabilitation of expelled students and teachers that were dismissed for "manifestations of nationalism", actions initiated in 1990-1991 by the Ministry of Science and Education Moldovan SSR/RSS Moldova. The moral rehabilitation of the students and academics expelled from high school for political reasons did not have a legal character, but it was proof of civic attitude and moral responsibility towards people who have chosen dignity over the personal interest of maintaining the social and professional status provided by the regime. These people decided to pass over the fear and to confront the regime in order to preserve their national values and traditions.
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    EDUCAȚIE ȘI POLITICĂ VS. POLITICĂ ȘI EDUCAȚIE ÎN „ERA AGRARIANĂ” A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA (1994-1998)
    (2022) Rotaru, Liliana
    In this study, the author analyzes the educational policies promoted by the agrarian government in the Republic of Moldova. The main fields of activity of the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Moldova in 1994- 1998 are identified, including legislative and regulatory initiatives in the field of education, implementation of new forms of management of the education system, inflation of universities and maneuvers in the context of the economic crisis, as well as the “offensive” of the Andrei Sangheli government (2) against the achievements of the previous government in the field of education, and especially against the Romanian history and language.
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    EU ÎS DE PĂRERE CĂ FIINŢAZĂ O SÂNGURĂ LIMBĂ!”: CONTROVERSE LINGVISTICE LA INSTITUTUL PEDAGOGIC DIN CHIŞINĂU
    (2020) Rotaru, Liliana
    In this study, based on unpublished sources found in the National Archives of the Republic of Moldova, the author analyzes the linguistic dispute that erupted in the department of “Moldavian” language and literature of the Chişinău Pedagogical Institute in 1956. After a long period of real “linguicide” carried out by I.D. Ceban, director of the Institute of History, Language and Literature of the Moldavian Research Base of the USSR Academy of Sciences and his henchmen, the de-Stalinization and the Khrushchev Thaw allowed philologists, “slightly disguised Romaniaphiles”, to reject the theses about the “specificity of the Moldavian language” and affirm the linguistic unity of the people living on both banks of the Prut, although the river remained a political border. The considered linguistic contradictions between the two opposite camps of philologists from the department of “Moldavian” language and literature, as well as their consequences, are of great importance for explaining the phenomenon of preservation of national Romanian identity in the
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    ÎNCĂ UN INSTITUT PEDAGOGIC ÎN RSSM. DE CE LA CAHUL?
    (2021) Rotaru, Liliana
    Pe baza documentelor de arhivă nepublicate, autorul restabilește istoria organizării Institutului Pedagogic Cahul, creat la institența perseverentă a autorităților locale din Cahul, stimulată de ambiția de a avea o instituție de învățământ superior în sudul RSSM. Autoritățile de la Chișinău au susținut proiectul autorităților de la Cahul, crezând că vor putea reduce din deficitul cras de învățători pentru școala medie și cea de șapte clase din sudul RSSM.
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    INSTITUȚIONALIZAREA PUTERII SOVIETICE ÎN RSS MOLDOVENEASCĂ ÎN ANII 1944 – 1946: CONTRIBUȚIA ORGANELOR DE SECURITATE A STATULUI
    (2022) Malacenco, Alexandru; Rotaru, Liliana
    Scopul şi obiectivele tezei : cercetarea și estimarea rolului și contribuției organelor securității statului în restabilirea, instituționalizarea și consolidarea puterii sovietice în RSSM, în perioada 1944 – 1946. Obiectivele: analiza istoriografiei și a surselor istorice; reconstituirea procesului de restabilire a organelor sovietice de securitate în RSSM în martie – august 1944; stabilirea interdependenței dintre modificările în structura organizatorică a serviciilor sovietice de securitate în RSSM, politica de cadre și sarcinile NKGB-MGB în RSSM în 1944 – 1946; identificarea sarcinilor organelor sovietice de securitate în RSSM și argumentarea schimbărilor priorităților în activitatea NKGB-MGB de la o perioadă la alta; stabilirea măsurilor și mijloacelor de acțiune ale organelor NKGB-MGB și analizarea specificului aplicării lor în procesul instituționalizării și consolidării puterii sovietice în RSSM; estimarea rolului și contribuției organelor NKGB-MGB în procesul de instituționalizare și consolidare a puterii sovietice în RSS Moldovenească în primii ani postbelici.
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    ISTORIA UNIVERSITATII DE STAT DIN MOLDOVA IN DOCUMENTE SI MATERIALE : VOLUMUL II
    (CEP USM, 2019) Eremia, Ion; Rotaru, Liliana; Tomuleț, Valentin; Cocârlă, Pavel
    Volumul al doilea de documente şi materiale referitoare la istoria Universităţii de Stat din Moldova1 include 158 de documente din perioada anilor 1977-1991. Ţinând cont de conținutul enorm de documente, alcătuitorii volumului s-au limitat la publicarea celor mai semnificative dintre ele care se referă la problemele dezbătute în cadrul Consiliului ştiinţific al Universităţii2. De asemenea, au fost introduse Indicele de nume și Indicele geografic din ambele volume publicate și includ doar datele din documente.