Browsing by Author "Romanciuc, Lidia"

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ANALIZA DINAMICII MULTIANUALE A COMPOZIŢIEI IONICE A APELOR FLUVIULUI NISTRU
(CEP USM, 2011) Goreaceva, Nelli; Gladchi, Viorica; Bunduchi, Elena; Şurîghina, Olga; Romanciuc, Lidia
The present article contains the analysis of the long-term and annual variability of the water content of the Moldovan Middle region of Dniester, performed on the results of annual hydro chemical surveys of 2003-2010.
CHIMIA ECOLOGICĂ A APELOR NATURALE ȘI PROCESE DE AUTOPURIFICARE A SISTEMELOR ACVATICE. ISTORIA ȘI DEZVOLTAREA LA UNIVERSITATEA DE STAT DIN MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2022) Gladchi, Viorica; Bunduchi, Elena; Blonschi, Vladislav; Romanciuc, Lidia
COMPOZIŢIA CHIMICĂ ŞI STAREA REDOX A APELOR NISTRULUI MEDIAL
(2008) Gladchi, Viorica; Goreaceva, Nelli; Duca, Gheorghe; Bunduchi, Elena; Borodaev, Ruslan; Mardari, Igor; Romanciuc, Lidia
The result of construction of a hydrochemical system in the section line of the Dniester River at Novodniestrovsk was the achievement of practically total control of the river flow in the Moldovan part. At the same time, this system controls not only the seasonal variation of the level of the river but also forms a new hydrological and hydrochemical regime of the river as a result of the controlled discharge of water through the Novosdniestrovsk barrage. The level of impact of this process on the quality of waters was the main objective of current research. With this purpose during the years 2005-2006 there were performed investigations in the segment of the River starting with buffer reservoir (200 m below the barrage) at Naslavcea and ending with c. Dubasari (100 m below the Dubasari barrage). Water samples were collected in 6 different section lines. The parameters measured included: water temperature, pH, Eh, rH, hydrogen peroxide content, OH radicals content, dissolved oxygen, total amounts of iron, copper, soluble forms of nitrogen compounds, COD, BOD5 and others. A special attention was drawn to the analysis of the redox state of waters, the content of OH radicals and other parameters that were affected by man-made systems or activities. In the frames of the project 8 expeditions were carried out.
CONFERINŢELE INTERNAŢIONALE ÎN MATERIE DE CHIMIE ECOLOGICĂ IDENTIFICĂ SOLUŢII PENTRU PROBLEMELE MEDIULUI
(2012) Gladchi, Viorica; Romanciuc, Lidia
As scientiﬁc direction, Ecological Chemistry has been successfully developing in Moldova over the past three decades at the Department of Industrial and Ecological Chemistry (DIEC) of the Moldova State University. Its history began in 1985, when the First International School on Ecological Chemistry of the Environment was organized by the staff of the DIEC under the coordination of academician Gheorghe Duca.
ESTIMATION OF THE NATURAL WATER SELF-PURIFICATION CAPACITY FROM THE KINETIC STANDPOINT
(Academia de Știinițe a Moldovei, 2008) Duca, Gheorghe; Bunduchi, Elena; Gladchi, Viorica; Romanciuc, Lidia; Goreaceva, Nelli
The current paper contains a synthesis of the processes of chemical auto-purification that take place in natural waters; examples of mechanisms of such processes occurring with participation of dissolved organic matter, oxidants of the biogeochemical cycle of oxygen and of transition metals including copper and iron are presented. The kinetic indicators of natural water quality are presented as well.
ESTIMATION OF THE NATURAL WATER SELF-PURIFICATION CAPACITY FROM THE KINETIC STANDPOINT
(2008) Duca, Gheorghe; Bunduchi, Elena; Gladchi, Viorica; Romanciuc, Lidia; Goreaceva, Nelli
The current paper contains a synthesis of the processes of chemical auto-puriﬁcation that take place in natural waters; examples of mechanisms of such processes occurring with participation of dissolved organic matter, oxidants of the biogeochemical cycle of oxygen and of transition metals including copper and iron are presented. The kinetic indicators of natural water quality are presented as well.
HIMIA ECOLOGICĂ A APELOR NATURALE ȘI PROCESE DE AUTOPURIFICARE A SISTEMELOR ACVATICE. ISTORIA ȘI DEZVOLTAREA LA UNIVERSITATEA DE STAT DIN MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2022) Gladchi, Viorica; Bunduchi, Elena; Blonschi, Vladislav; Romanciuc, Lidia
Cercetările științifice în domeniul chimiei ecologice a apelor sub conducerea academicianului Gheorghe Duca se desfășoară la Universitatea de Stat din Moldova în cadrul Laboratorului de cercetări științifice Chimie ecologică, unde mai mult de 30 de ani în urmă s-au început multiple investigații în ceea ce privește studiul compoziției chimice a apelor, a proceselor de autopurificare, a mecanismelor de transformare a poluanților, a dinamicii stării redox și a capacității de inhibiție a apelor. Rezultatele principale sunt prezentate în materialul ce urmează.
HISTORY OF THE ECOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY DEVELOPMENT
(CEP USM, 2022) Gladchi, Viorica; Gonta, Maria; Romanciuc, Lidia; Bunduchi, Elena; Blonschi, Vladislav
It should be mentioned that in Russia the Ecological Chemistry scientific schools were developed rapidly as well, under the guidance of recognized scientists Prof. Yu. Skurlatov, Prof. A, Purmal, Prof. S. Travin and others. Currently the departments of Ecological Chemistry are establicshed in many higher education institutions, as well as in the specialized research institute in the field, such as Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies “M. V. Lomonosov ”, etc. Thus, within the less of half a century, the Ecological Chemistry domain has developed rapidly worldwide. Nowaday, numerous departments, research centres and institutes were created in the field in different countries, including Germany, Switzerland, Spain, USA, Sweden, Greece, Japan, Poland, Czech Republic, etc. Taking into consideration the groing impact of anthropogenic pollution to the environment, the Ecological Chemistry domain will remain in great demand for many years to come
HYDROCHEMISTRY OF POLLUTED SURFACE WATER: CASE STUDY OF MOLDOVA
(Chicago, 2022) Gladchi, Viorica; Bunduchi, Elena; Blonschi, Vladislav; Romanciuc, Lidia
Surface water is one of the most significant sources of natural ecosystems existence, climate regulation, broadly used for economic activity, drinking water supply, recreation, irrigation, etc. Therefore, chemical composition and grade of water pollution are of great importance to evaluate the ecological state of water resources and their usage in different scopes. The chapter represents the complex study of water chemical composition and pollution of the Dniester River basin within the borders of the Republic of Moldova during 2015-2020. The following water bodies were selected for this purpose: Dniester River and its tributaries Răut and Ichel. Based on the traditional hydrochemical parameters, the grade of water pollution with biogenic substances and biodegradable and persistent organic matter was estimated. The tributaries contribution to the Dniester River's water chemical composition formation was analyzed.
IMPACTUL AFLUENŢILOR DIN DREAPTA ASUPRA CALITĂŢII APELOR FLUVIULUI NISTRU ÎN PERIOADA DE PRIMĂVARĂ A ANULUI 2009
(CEP USM, 2010) Duca, Gheorghe; Gladchi, Viorica; Goreaceva, Nelly; Bunduchi, Elena; Borodaev, Ruslan; Lis, Angela; Anghel, Lilia; Şurîghina, Olga; Romanciuc, Lidia
Among the main factors that affect water quality of the main water resources of our country, which also ensures the economic development of the Republic, may be named the chemical flow of the tributaries waters and hydro-technical facilities, such as storage tanks.In this paper are exposed the results of researches related to the chemical composition of waters at the mouth of the tributaries of the right bank of the Dniester River - Raut, Ichel, Bic, Botna, as well as the chemical composition ofDniester waters upstream and downstream of the mouth of the mentioned above tributaries.
A new concept regarding the selection of sewerage systems and natural treatment of municipal wastewaters
(2023) Covaliov, Victor; Ungureanu, Dumitru; Duca, Gheorghe; Covaliova, Olga; Romanciuc, Lidia
The article contains a review of methods and procedures of the municipal wastewater treatment, with the discussion of their specifics. A new concept is proposed related to the selection of municipal sewerage and wastewater treatment systems, considering the local/decentralized, semicentralized or centralized systems, especially those suitable to rural and suburban localities, in dependence on the advantages and disadvantages of these systems and local specifics. The concept of phytofilters is proposed for the biological treatment of wastewater in small towns. This technology is simple, inexpensive and requires relatively little maintenance. Biological ponds in the Republic of Moldova have proven to be very suitable for advanced wastewater treatment, being a cheap and natural purification system with a good potential for implementation. When choosing a sewer system, priority must be given to its functionality and practical considerations.
ROLUL ORGANIZAŢIILOR OBŞTEŞTI ÎN EDUCAŢIA ECOLOGICĂ A POPULAŢIEI
(Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei, 2005) Gladchi, Viorica; Goreaceva, Nelli; Romanciuc, Lidia; Mardari, Iurie; Borodaev, Ruslan; Bunduchi, Elena
ROLUL PESTICIDELOR DDT ŞI DDE ÎN PROCESELE DE AUTOPURIFICARE A SISTEMELOR ACVATICE
(CEP USM, 2008) Gladchi, Viorica; Goreaceva, Nelly; Romanciuc, Lidia; Buga, Elena
Research scope: Investigation of the DDT, DDE influence on the processes of water systems chemical self-purification. Based on the conducted research, the e ffective constants of pesticide interaction with the OH-radicals, inhibition ability of water medium were calculated. Besides, the stationary concentrations of OH-radicals were determined. The obtained results have high scientific and applied level of significance. The kinetic regularities, which were studied based on the model systems, could be applied to the natural water objects and used as important indicators to estimate the effectiveness of radical purification processes.
STUDIUL PROCESELOR REDOX ÎN SISTEME BIOCHIMICE ÎN PREZENȚA ANTIOXIDANȚILOR
(Editura USM, 2023) Duca, Gheorghe; Covaliov, Victor; Covaliova, Olga; Romanciuc, Lidia; Tasca, Corina
Deșeurile din sectorul agroindustrial, datorită efectelor toxice asupra plantelor și organismelor vii, nu pot fi aruncate în sol. Totodată, ele pot servi și ca sursă regenerabilă de produse cu valoare adăugată, care pot fi obținute în urma tratării biochimice specifice. Această cercetare s-a concentrat pe studiile proceselor de fermentare a biomasei în prezența substanțelor bioactive introduse direct în biomasa digestată. Studiul efectelor substanțelor bioactive cu posibile proprietăți antioxidante asupra biomasei din sectorul vitivinicol cu identificarea mecanismelor acestor procese reprezintă o direcție de perspectivă, sugerând noi modalități de valorificare a deșeurilor. Rezultatele obţinute arată că substanţele biologic active de origine naturală utilizate ca aditivi în procesul de digestie a vinasei demonstrează efectele pronunţate asupra fermentaţiei alcoolice a vinasei în condiţii mezofile. Evaluarea comparativă a acțiunii diferiților adaosuri în procesele studiate a demonstrat că acidul dihidroxifumaric a determinat emisia de 266 cm3 CO2 în 76 ore, aescinum – 251 cm3 în 55 ore, tomatin – 233 cm3 în 78 ore, sclareol – 232 cm3 în 55 ore. ore, vanilină – 229 cm3 timp de 69 de ore, în timp ce catechina – 180 cm3 pe parcursul a 61 de ore de fermentație, până la finalizarea procesului de fermentație. A fost arătat că adăugarea compușilor complexși de Co(III) permite obținerea cobalaminei (vitamin B12) în fracția semi-solidă formată după fermentare. În rezultatul tratării, valorile CCOCr și CBO5 s-au redus cu 96,6-97,8%. Deasemenea, au fost elaborate două preparate pentru tratarea deșeurilor organice: unul pentru înlăturarea mirosului neplăcut a nămolurilor semi-solide rezultate din epurarea apelor uzate municipal, prin inhibiție a dezvoltării substanțelor tiolice formate în rezultatul acțiunii vitale a microorganismelor din digestatul format, și cel de-al doilea preparat - pentru deparazitare a nămolurilor de epurare stabilizate a apelor uzate cu folosirea juglonului. Ambele procese tehnologice pot fi recomandate pentru aplicare în practică.
THE STUDY OF REDOX CONDITIONS IN THE DNIESTER RIVER
(Academia de Știinițe a Moldovei, 2008) Gladchi, Viorica; Goreaceva, Nelli; Duca, Gheorghe; Bunduchi, Elena; Romanciuc, Lidia; Mardari, Igor; Borodaev, Ruslan
The work presented in the paper discusses the contribution of the Novodnestrovsc water system to the formation of redox conditions in the lower Dniester. The conclusions were drawn on the basis of a long-term protocol of analyses that included the analysis of the oxygen regime, evaluation of the content of hydrogen peroxide, rH2, biological oxygen demand as well as other additional parameters.
THE STUDY OF REDOX CONDITIONS IN THE DNIESTER RIVER
(2008) Gladchi, Viorica; Goreaceva, Nelli; Duca, Gheorghe; Bunduchi, Elena; Romanciuc, Lidia; Mardari, Igor; Borodaev, Ruslan
The work presented in the paper discusses the contribution of the Novodnestrovsc water system to the formation of redox conditions in the lower Dniester. The conclusions were drawn on the basis of a long-term protocol of analyses that included the analysis of the oxygen regime, evaluation of the content of hydrogen peroxide,rH2, biological oxygen demand as well as other additional parameters.