Browsing by Author "Lupaşcu, Galina"

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ACTIVITATEA ANTIFUNGICĂ A NOILOR DERIVAȚI VINIL- TRIAZOLICI CĂTRE FUSARIUM CULMORUM (W.G. SM.) SACC IN VITRO
(CEP USM, 2024) Lupaşcu, Lucian; Gavzer, Svetlana; Cristea, Nicolae; Lupaşcu, Galina; Stîngaci, Eugenia; Zveaghinţeva, Marina; Sucman, Natalia; Macaev, Fliur
Objectives: identification of new compounds with antifungal activity for the phytopathogenic fungus Fusarium culmorum. Methods: the isolation of F. culmorum strains was carried out in aseptic conditions on PDA (Potatoes Dextrose Agar) medium, with the subsequent identification of the species based on macro- and microscopic characteristics. Vinyl-triazole derivatives (D.V.T): EPS-165, MZ-115, MZ-118, EPS-23 were supplemented to the nutrient medium PDA in concentrations of 0,02; 0,01; 0,005; 0,0025; 0,00125%, sterilized by autoclaving. To assess the inhibitory effect of the studied preparations, the method of recording the diameter of the growing colonies was used. Results: the inhibitory effect of the studied preparations was specific depending on the concentration and the strain of the fungus investigated. The preparation MZ-118 offers wider opportunities for use in plant protection measures against the fungus F. culmorum. The factorial analysis demonstrated that in the system F. culmorum x D.V.T. x concentration, the main source of variation in fungal growth is D.V.T concentration. (50.2 ... 64.4%), followed by the isolate factor (24.7 ... 38.9%), which denotes the differential resistance of F. culmorum isolates to the action of the compounds under study.
ACTIVITATEA ANTIMICROBIANĂ A UNOR DERIVAȚI VINIL-TRIAZOLICI
(CEP USM, 2024) Lupaşcu, Galina; Gavzer, Svetlana; Cristea, Nicolae; Lupaşcu, Lucian; Stîngaci, Eugenia; Zveaghinţeva, Marina; Pogrebnoi, Serghei; Macaev, Fliur
Micozele și bacteriozele în culturile agricole sunt foarte devastatoare, aducând pagube economice enorme prin pierderile directe de recoltă și compromiterea acesteia datorită poluării cu toxine ale patogenilor, ceea ce le fac toxice pentru om și animale. Procedeele chimice de protecție a plantelor adesea devin ineficiente din cauza adaptării ușoare a agenților cauzali la pesticide, diminuării efectului protector sub influența condițiilor nefavorabile, toxicității, consecințelor ecologice. Pornind de la aceasta, scopul cercetărilor a constat în identificarea noilor compuși cu activitate antifungică (Fusarium avenaceum) și antibacteriană (Erwinia amilovora, E. carotovora, Xanthomonas campestris) în condiții in vitro pentru valorificarea ulterioară în măsurile de protecție a plantelor. Pe baza creșterii coloniilor de fung și concentrației minime bactericide, s-a constatat că derivații vinil-triazolici EPS-869, EPS-877, EPS-880, EPS-892, EPS-165 (0,00125; 0,0025; 0,005; 0,01%) manifestă înaltă activitate antimicrobiană, fenomenul datorându-se în special factorului de compus.
Rolul variabilității genetice în interacțiunea grâului cu Alternaria alternata
(CEP USM, 2024) Lupaşcu, Galina; Cristea, Nicolae; Gavzer, Svetlana
The article presents data on the reaction of 10 common winter wheat genotypes to culture filtrates of Alternaria alternata isolates. Through factorial analysis, the role of wheat genotype (42.2 ... 51.1%) in the source of variation in radicle length, stem length, seedling length was found. The A. alternata isolate factor presented a higher weight for germination (48.9%) and vigor index (49.0%). The association of the high level of the coefficient of heritability with the advanced genetic progress shows that in the control of growth and development characters additive factors are involved.
STUDII ALE VARIABILITĂȚII ȘI HERITABILITĂȚII CARACTERELOR DE PRODUCTIVITATE ȘI CALITATE LA GRÂUL COMUN
(CEP USM, 2024) Lupaşcu, Galina; Gavzer, Svetlana; Cristea, Nicolae; Rudacova, Angela; Cherdivară, Ala
The article presents the results of the genetic-environmental control study of the productivity elements of the common autumn wheat spike (7 genotypes during the years 2020-2022). The objects of the work: i) recording the elements of productivity; ii) establishing the weight (%) of the year, genotype, year x genotype interaction factors of in the source of variability character; iii) calculation of genetic parameters of variability and heritability, heritability coefficient; iv) determination of the biochemical quality of wheat grains. Research methods: biometric, biochemical, mathematical, statistical. Results obtained - the particularities were established: i) variability, heritability, the factorial weight of the conditions of the year and the wheat genotype in the source of variation of the productivity elements of the spike; ii) heritability and genetic advance; iii) the content of proteins, wet gluten, dry gluten, carbohydrates in grains during the years of study.