Browsing by Author "Gliga, Olesea"

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ASOCIAȚII ECTOPARAZITARE LA GĂINI (GALLUS GALLUS DOMESTICUS) DIN SECORUL PARTICULAR A REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2024) Zamornea, Maria; Erhan, Dumitru; Rusu, Ştefan; Gliga, Olesea; Botnaru, Nicolai
To establish the prevalence and diversity of infestation with parasitic agents, parasitological research was carried out on 759 chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) from the private sector in various areas of the Republic of Moldova during 2020-2023. Ectoparasites were collected from live birds, according to a new procedure, which is more informative (Luncaşu M., Zamornea M., 2007 and of classical methods after Dubinin M., 1955). The collected material was later examined with a magnifying glass MБC-9 (ob.14x2) and the mocroscope Novex Holland B ob. 20-40 WF 10x Din/20mm in the laboratory of Parasitology and Helminthology of the Institute of Zoology, Moldova State University. The obtained research results reveal that chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) are infested with 9 species of malophages (Eomenacanthus stramineus, Cuclotogaster heterographus, Goniocotes gallinae, Goniocotes maculatus, Goniodes dissimilis, Menopon gallinae, Menacanthus pallidulus, Menacanthus cornutus, Lipeurus caponis), 2 species of fleas (Cheratophylus gallinae, Cheratophylus hirundinis) and 2 species of gamasid mites (Dermanyssus gallinae, Dermanyssus hirundinis). The prevalence of infestation with ectoparasites - malophages constituted up to 100% of cases, with fleas - 39.0% and with gamasid mites in 72.0% of cases. The ectoparasitic polyparasitism established in birds is made up of different species of permanent parasites (malophages, fleas) and temporary (gamasid mites).
CERCETĂRI HELMINTOLOGICE CU IMPACT INVAZIV STABILITE LA CULTURA DE MAZĂRE (PISUM SATIVUM L.) ÎN CONDIȚIILE DE MEDIU ALE REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2024) Iurcu-Străistaru, Elena; Toderaş, Ion; Bivol, Alexei; Rusu, Ştefan; Sasanelli, Nicola; Rusu, Viorelia; Gliga, Olesea; Gologan, Ion
One important factor in increasing the productivity and quality of peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in the conditions of the Republic of Moldova is the phytosanitary control of parasitic helminthological fauna. The investigations were carried out in four administrative districts of the central areas, covering twelve pea sectors from various regions specialized in the cultivation of fabaceous plants. As a result of the helminthological protection investigations in peas, the parasitic degree was established for the first time, with comparative indices of number density ranging from 15 to 250 individuals per 100g of soil, and an abundance of 7–25% in spring. The frequency indices of the attack degree and extensiveness of helminthological affections showed more advanced values (5–30%) in the summer, varying across plantation areas. The structure of the nematode parasite complexes was determined, consisting of eight genera, including six families and one order, classified according to their trophic specialization. There was a predominance of endoparasite and semiendoparasite species from the Heteroderidae, Tylenchidae, and Hoplolaimidae families.
HELMINTOFAUNA IN PHEASANT (PHASIANUS COLCHICUS L.) MAINTAINED IN CAPTIVITY IN MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2022-09-29) Zamornea, Maria; Rusu, Ștefan; Erhan, Dumitru; Chihai, Oleg; Gliga, Olesea; Botnaru, Nicolai
INFESTAȚII CU SPECII DE NEMATODE LA FAZANUL COMUN (PHASIANUS COLCHICUS L.) ȘI PREPELIȚE (COTRUNIX COTRUNIX L.) DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2024) Zamornea, Maria; Erhan, Dumitru; Rusu, Ştefan; Chihai, Oleg; Gliga, Olesea; Botnaru, Nicolai
Scopul studiului constă în evaluarea nivelului de infestație la păsările de interes cinegetic (fazani, prepelițe) cu nematode. Pe parcursul anilor 2020-2023 de la fazani (Phasianus colchicus L.) și prepelițe (Cotrunix cotrunix L.) au fost recoltate, respectiv, 164 și152 de probe biologice din diverse biotopuri naturale și antropizate ale Republicii Moldova. S-a stabilit infestarea acestora cu 7 specii de nematode (Capillaria caudinflata, Capillaria annulata, Syngamus tracheia, Heterakis isolonche, Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum,Trichostrongylus tenuis), care aparţin la 5 familii și 5 genuri. La fazani s-a stabilit o prevalență sporită de infestare cu speciile: Ascaridia galli - 44,3%, Heterakis isolonche – 31,2% și Heterakis gallinarum – 16,2%. La prepelițe predomină infestarea cu speciile Ascaridia galli (53,2%) și Heterakis gallinarum (28,7%). Speciile stabilite sunt geohelminţi, comune și la galinaceele domestice.
INFLUENCE OF SOME ORGANIC COORDINATION COMPOUNDS CONTAINING COBALT AND BISMUTH ON DEVELOPMENT MORPHO-PRODUCTIVE CHARACTERS OF THE BEE FAMILIES
(CERES Publishing House, 2015-09-17) Cebotari, Valentina; Buzu, Ion; Toderaș, Ion; Gulea, Aurelian; Postolachi, Olga; Toderici, Valeriu; Gliga, Olesea
The aim of the research was to evaluate and test the influence of organic coordination compounds containing rare microelements, on the vital functions and on the development of the morpho-character of Apis mellifera bee colonies. Several experiments where conducted and was tested in feeding bees in spring (April 1 to 21) a period with poor harvest in nature, a nutritious blend of 50% sugar syrup supplement enriched with bioactive organic compound heteronuclear coordinative sulfate [tris-thiosemicarbazide cobalt (III)] [1, 2-diaminociclohexantetraacetat bismuth (III)] hexahydrate - [Co (tios) 3], [Bi (CDTA)] SO4 · 6H2O in aqueous solution with concentration of 1 mg% (hereinafter referred to as "compound + Co + Bi), which was mixed with sugar syrup in a ratio of 2: 100, and was administered directly into the food of bees and bee families where feed with the nutrient in amount of 100 ... 130 ml for every frame with bees, every 2 days for a period of three weeks. Bee colonies were formed into three lots, each lot formed from 16 families, of which: group I - control, which were fed only with sugar syrup 50%, group II - prototype, which where feed with sugar syrup by adding nutritional supplement enriched with patented "Apispir + Fe + It" (MD 477 Z 2012.09.30) and group III - experimental, which received sugar syrup enriched with supplement "compound + Co + Bi". The research results have shown that using energizing nutritional supplements enriched with biologically active substances of organic compounds coordination in bee feeding in times when there is a poor harvest in nature, helps stimulate vital functions of bee families and increase their productivity: the prolificity of queen - with 5.2 to 9.7% (P <0.001); the amount of capped brood - with 5.2 to 9.7% (P <0.001); family strenght- by 2.5 to 9.7% (P <0.1s P <0.001); disease resistance - by 2.4 to 5.0% (P <0.001); brood viability - with 1.2 to 2.2% (P <0,01s (P <0.001); the amount of accumulated bee bread in brood chamber- by 15.0 to 23.3% (P <0.001), an increased amount of wax combs - by 21.4 to 39.3% (P <0.001) and the amount of honey accumulated in the colony - with 13.9 to 25.4% (P <0.01 and P <0.001). The beneficial effect of feeding bees with biologically active nutritional supplements Apispir + Fe + + Co + Se and Bi compound denotes the fact that in the spring (March-April), a period poor in harvesting, in the area studied, in nature there is a shortage of biologically active substances, including rare microelements.
NEMATODES ASSOCIATED WITH DECORATIVE PLANTS SPECIES SCHLUMBERGERA TRUNCATA
(CEP USM, 2022) Gliga, Olesea; Melnic, Maria
Most decorative plants are susceptible to phytonematodes and this association results in symptoms that compromise the plants commercial value. Were investigated potted epiphytic plants of the species Schlumbergera truncata (Haw.) Moran, 1953, family Cactaceae, with obvious symptoms of disease. As a rsult, at the decorative room plants Schlumbergera truncata with external symptoms of disease, in the rhizosphere area, an outbreak of parasitic nematodes (180-210 individuals/100 cm3 of soil), saprophytic (950-1120 individuals/100 cm3 of soil), enchitraeids (45-50 individuals/100 cm3 of soil) and microorganisms associated with these, were detected. It has been determined that the cause of wilting and drying of room decorative plants species Schlumbergera truncata are root ectoparasitic nematodes from the families Hoplolaimidae and Telotylenchidae, followed by saprophytic species, most of them being from the family Cephalobidae. Remains of putrefied vegetal tissue of plant roots attracted species from the family Enchytraeidae genus. As a result of the associated parasitism, the underground stem and the root of plants are completely deformed, in the process of putrefaction, which led to the total wilting of the plants.
NEMATOZII FITOPARAZIŢI AI CULTURILOR LEGUMICOLE DIN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
(Editura USM, 2024) Melnic, Maria; Gliga, Olesea
În monografie sunt expuse rezultatele cercetărilor științifice multianuale realizate de către autori în Republica Moldova și studiul literaturii de specialitate, ce vizează complexele de nematozi fitoparaziți și alți dăunători, asociați cu tuberculii de diferite varietăți Solanum tuberosum L., familia Solanaceae și culturile din genul Allium, familia Alliaceae. Sunt expuse date despre speciile de nematozi de importanță economică pentru țară - Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 și Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn,1857), care provoacă deseori pierderi de 30- 70%, sau totale ale recoltelor, este descrisă structura morfologică, biologia, arealul, nocivitatea, impactul parazitar morfo-fiziologic și fiziologo-biochimic pentru plantele gazde. Prezenta lucrare include, de asemenea, managementul agrocultural integrat al dăunătorilor, ca sistem de utilizare al tehnologiilor microbiologice, precum și aplicarea asolamentelor culturilor de înaltă eficacitate. The monograph presents the results of the multi-year scientific research carried out by the authors in the Republic of Moldova and study of the sources from the specialized literature, regarding the complexes of phytoparasitic nematodes and other pests, associated with the tubers of different varieties of Solanum tuberosum L., Solanaceae family and with crops of the genus Allium, family Alliaceae. Data are presented on nematode species of economic importance for the country - Ditylenchus destructor Thorne, 1945 and Ditylenchus dipsaci (Kühn, 1857), which often cause losses of 30-70%, or total harvests. Morphological structure, biology, range, harmfulness, the morpho-physiological and physiological-biochemical parasitic impact for the host plants are described. The present work also includes the integrated agrocultural management of pests, as a system of using microbiological technologies, as well as the application of high-efficiency crop rotations.
POLIPARAZITISMUL LA FAZANI (PHASIANUS COLCHICUS L.) DIN DIVERSE ECOSISTEME NATURALE ȘI ANTROPIZATE ALE REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2023) Zamornea, Maria; Erhan, Dumitru; Rusu, Ștefan; Chihai, Oleg; Gliga, Olesea; Botnaru, Nicolai
Endoparaziții prezintă un rol semnificativ în patologia fazanilor (Phasianus colchicus L). În perioada aa. 2020-2022, au fost examinate 123 de eșantioane biologice prelevate de la fazani din diverse biotopuri naturale și antropizate ale Republicii Moldova. Rezultatele investigațiilor parazitologice efectuate au relevat prezența poliinvaziilor formate din 14 specii (Choanotaenia infundibulum, Raillietina tetragona, Raillietina echinobotrida, Prosthogonimus ovatus, Capillaria caudinflata, Capillaria annulate, Heterakis gallinarum, Heterakis isolonche. Ascaridia galli, Singamus traheia, Trichostrongylus tenuis, Eimeria colchici, Eimeria duodenalis, Eimeria phasiani) de paraziţi, dintre care 7 specii (Prosthogonimus ovatus, Syngamus tracheia, Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Raillietina tetragona, Raillietina echinobotrida, Eimeria duodenalis), sunt comune și pentru galinaceele domestice. S-a evidențiat că 39 de probe (31,7%) erau infestate în formă de monoinvazii, iar 84 de probe (68,3%) – în formă de poliinvazii. S-au estimat asociații poliparazitare formate din 2 specii de paraziți în 36 de probe (42,8%); din 3 specii – în 26 de probe(30,9%); din 4 specii – în 13 probe investigate (15,6%); din 5 specii – în 5 probe (5,9%) și din 6 specii de paraziți s-au identificat în 4 probe (4,8%).