Browsing by Author "Cuțitaru, Doina"

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    Induction of artificial mutations in Linum Usitatissimum L. by exposing seeds to different doses of X-rays [Articol]
    (Editura USM, 2025) Cuțitaru, Doina; Brindza, Ján
    The artificial induction of mutations represents an effective method for generating new sources of germplasm, which are essential in plant breeding. In the present study, induced mutagenesis was applied to flax by exposure to X-rays. As biological material, three flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes were selected: Kaufmann and Blaringhem (oilseed flax), and Belinka (fiber flax). Seeds were irradiated with X-rays at three doses: 500, 700, and 900 Gy, using the RS-2400-Q installation. The treatment led to a significant reduction in plant viability, especially for the Blaringhem and Belinka genotypes, which were completely eliminated within the first 24–33 days. In the case of the Kaufmann genotype, the survival rate at the 500 Gy dose was only 0.7%, also indicating high sensitivity to irradiation. However, plant mortality during various developmental stages was also influenced by environmental stress factors (hydrological drought, high temperatures). Analysis of the M₀ generation descendants revealed significant morphological changes compared to the control: increased number of branches, flowers, and fruits, but a pronounced reduction in seed mass and quality. The M₀ descendants exhibited an imbalance between vegetative and reproductive growth.
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    VARIABILITATEA CARACTERELOR CANTITATIVE ALE PLANTELOR DE IN OBȚINUTE PRIN MUTAGENEZA INDUSĂ
    (CEP USM, 2023) Cuțitaru, Doina
    Mutageneza indusă s-a dovedit a fi o metodă flexibilă, funcțională și gata de utilizat pentru orice cultură, în plus, este o tehnologie care necesită costuri reduse. Permite a obține și a cultiva soiuri noi mutante cu un potențial productiv foarte ridicat. Pentru a investiga efectul mutagen al iradierii gamma (γ) semințele de in ale celor trei soiuri selectate (Kaufmann, Dichl 8 și Belinka) au fost tratate cu dozele de 400, 500, 600 și 700 Gy, folosind ca sursă de iradiere izotopul Cobalt 60. Pe parcurs s-au monitorizat fazele fenologice de dezvoltare și s-au evaluat parametrii morfologici. Din analiza a mai multor parametri s-a observat că doza de iradiere 400 Gy a fost cea mai eficientă și a manifestat cea mai amplă variabilitate fenotipică, iar cea de 700 Gy s-a dovedit a fi mai puțin eficientă.