Browsing by Author "Ciobanu, Rodica"

Now showing 1 - 20 of 47

ACCESUL LA JUSTIȚIE – INSTRUMENT DE ASIGURARE A DREPTULUI LA UN MEDIU SĂNĂTOS. EXPERIENȚA EUROPEANĂ
(2023) Ciobanu, Rodica; Punga, Irina
Dreptul la un mediu sănătos și durabil este considerat un drept fundamental al omului și devine tot mai important pe măsură ce problemele legate de mediu se accelerează. Acest drept, recunoscut la nivel internațional și național, implică responsabilitatea statelor de a proteja și promova mediul înconjurător și de a asigura că orice persoană interesată are acces la informații, participare publică și justiție în domeniul mediului. Justiția în materie de mediu joacă un rol crucial în protejarea și promovarea dreptului la un mediu sănătos. Sistemul judiciar în perioada modernă se află în continuă dezvoltare și perfecționare, iar un rol aparte îl au principiile și normele de drept internațional, precum și tratatele internaționale universal recunoscute la care Republica Moldova este parte. Un rol aparte în asigurarea și apărarea dreptului omului la un mediu sănătos, inclusiv a dreptului de a accede la o instanța de judecată în materie de mediu, îl are Convenția europeană a drepturilor omului și Convenția de la Aarhus, prin care au fost instituite două mecanisme internaționale unice de apărare a dreptului omului la un mediu sănătos. Studiul de față și-a propus să analizeze jurisprudența internațională în legătură cu accesul liber la justiție în materie de mediu și rolul Curții Europene a Drepturilor Omului și a Comitetului de Supraveghere a Convenției de la Aarhus ca mecanisme de asigurare a respectării dreptului omului la un mediu sănătos.
THE ANATOMY OF A DOCTRINAL ENTHUSIASM TURNED INTO NATIONAL DESPAIR
(2022) Ciobanu, Rodica; Aramă, Elena
The concept of the rule of law was a rather new one for the former socialist states, including the Republic of Moldova, but it was a necessity since the fall of the totalitarian regimes in the early 1990s. Until then, there was a broad range of scientific studies on the rule of law in Western literature. The domestic doctrine took up the rich Western scientific sources with enthusiasm and without stepping down the democratic character of the rule of law, emphasized the individual’s freedom as a key element, even though the rule of law implies many other defining features. This undue optimism on the possibilities of the institutions to guarantee the rights and freedoms of individuals has not been accompanied by an analysis and a review of the staff of those institutions that should have promoted a new approach of the relationship between the citizen and the state and, as a result should have put themselves in the service of society, to protect citizens. The researchers left out the question of the quality of the human factor, the human resources that originated in a society where everything was controlled by the Communist Party bodies and proceeded to work within a society where nothing (or almost nothing) was subject to society’s control. The independent media was established later, mostly as a response to the communist’s arrival to power (in 2001). Article developed within the Project "Modernisation of Governing Mechanisms Focused on the Protection of Human Rights”, cipher 20.80009.1606.15 in the Scientific Research Laboratory "Compared Public Law and e-Government”, Law Faculty, Moldova State University.
ARGUMENTUL INTERDEPENDENȚELOR ÎN RECONSTRUCȚIA ȘTIINȚIFICĂ A DREPTULUI
(2019) Ciobanu, Rodica
În conținutul articolului sunt puse în centrul analizelor elemente esențiale ale revizuirii statutului științific al teoriei generale a statului și dreptului. Trecând cu vederea avantajele studiului acestei materii în cadrul formării profesionale a generațiilor de juriști, se pune în centrul atenției analiza dimensiunii epistemice a teoriei generale a dreptului în calitatea de fundament al cercetărilor în domeniu. În special, se reiterează necesitatea revizuirii arsenalului metodologic al teoriei dreptului, luând în considerare cele mai actuale tendințe în vederea reconstrucției acesteia în baza interelaționărilor, colaborărilor și sintezelor, astfel încât să se fundamenteze o metodologie de tip interdisciplinar.
DE CE TRANZIȚIA LA STANDARDE DE ORDINE ȘI SECURITATE PUBLICĂ SUNT PE AGENDA INSTITUȚIILOR DE INVĂȚĂMÂNT ?
(CEP USM, 2022-05-16) Ciobanu, Rodica
Given that we assign to higher education an important role in training the skills of future professionals, then standardisation may be explored as a tool for sharing theoretical knowledge, designed and accessible to support the development of practice. Change, transition, and reform are dependent on the human factor, that is willing to transfer the knowledge, and the existing good practices into realities translated into state policies, action plans and development strategies. The objective of this article is to highlight the benefits that can be brought about by an educational process in accordance with the standards of efficiency, performance and quality, as well as detailing some key aspects that make legal education a facilitating factor in the transition to standards of order and security acknowledged and promoted at European level. The contextualisation of three major topics: transition, standards and education is carried out in the context of a strong preference for the modernisation of the Republic of Moldova, in the hope of a significant impact through time, in particular for ensuring security, order and protection of citizens.
CONCEPTUALIZAREA MECANISMELOR DE MODERNIZARE A GUVERNĂRII AXATE PE DREPTURILE OMULUI
(Artpoligraf, 2021) Ciobanu, Rodica
The content of this section argues that various formulas and ways of theoretical analysis of the governance (being a key concept of the socio-political and administrative organization), and the high interest in the dimension of empirical- evaluation requires a paradigm shift. Considering that the „government” refers to the state institutions and structures, the decision-making processes, the implementation capacity, the relationship between authorities and citizens, we consider that it a complex and multidimensional concept. Thus, drawing on the interdisciplinary methodological framework, we aim to analyze governance - as a concept, to identify the main approach but also to emphasize its relevance and operational utility; - as a process, which comprise the dimensions such as politics, instruments, mechanisms, and values and which contribute to the better functionality of government; - as a final goal, through which the efficiency and effectiveness of the government is assessed and the satisfaction of citizens is measured. As a result, the modernization mechanisms based on human rights is conceptualized.
CONDIȚII DE MODERNIZARE A GUVERNĂRII AXATE PE PROTECȚIA DREPTURILOR OMULUI ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2021) Ciobanu, Rodica
The article analyzes the needed benchmarks to modernize the governance in the Republic of Moldova aimed at protecting human rights through a dual perspective: of the current standards of governance, especially the respect for the rule of law and the citizens’ requests for the governmental body and their consent. The main focus of the research is on issues of guvernment modernization, framed to identify the necessary settings to be met in order to guarantee the right of the citizens of the Republic of Moldova to good governance.
CONFIGURAREA CARACTERULUI RAȚIONAL AL DREPTULUI ÎN GÂNDIREA ROMÂNEASCĂ INTERBELICĂ
(2023) Mărgineanu, Valentin; Ciobanu, Rodica
Scopul tezei: Aprecierea din punct de vedere evolutiv a contribuțiilor aduse de gândirea juridică interbelică românească la constituirea fundamentelor raționale ale dreptului actual, consolidate într-un cadru teoretico-empiric al științei juridice contemporane.
Constante și variabile în măsurarea eficienței mecanismelor de protecție a drepturilor omului
(CEP USM, 2024) Ciobanu, Rodica
This article introduces in a generalizing and argumentative form of the need for methodological consistency in the implementation of state legal policies in the field of human rights. The content of this article is based on research carried out in recent years, which has been oriented towards defining the means of ensuring the effectiveness of human rights protection mechanisms. The human rights are seen as a fundamental need and a benchmark for the degree to which people perceive their own human worth.
CONSTRUCȚIA UNEI TEORII A DREPTURILOR OMULUI: ÎNTRE RAȚIUNE ȘI LEGE
(Tipografia Artpoligraf, 2020) Ciobanu, Rodica
The article discusses the issue of human rights from the perspective of the theoretical analysis´ trends and the problems registered in the area of the protection of human rights nowadays. The main argument is based on the fact that the debates on human rights are open as a result of some new situations that appear in people’s lives, of the diversification of needs, of the claims for new demands, and of new rights. We conclude, once again, that the individuals' need to have their rights respected relates directly to the institutions’ activity, which should encourage their feeling of security and self-value.
CRIZA PANDEMICĂ, UN IMBOLD PENTRU MODERNIZAREA SOCIETĂȚII MOLDOVENEȘTI
(2021) Ciobanu, Rodica
The social order and stability, security and well-being have become essential in the context of the pandemic crisis, highlighting many social and human issues. This article, focusing on the identification of governance mechanisms for the protection of human rights, emphasizes the weaknesses shaped by the pandemic crisis and argues in favor of the need to modernize the Moldovan society. With the assessment of the social-human impact of the pandemic as main objective, the theoretical-methodological framework of synergetics has been used, enabling to deal with the problem within the conceptual, functional, and operational frameworks.
CRIZA PANDEMICĂ, UN IMBOLD PENTRU MODERNIZAREA SOCIETĂȚII MOLDOVENEȘTI
(Academia de Ştiinţe a Moldovei, 2021) Ciobanu, Rodica
The social order and stability, security and well-being have become essential in the context of the pandemic crisis, highlighting many social and human issues. This article, focusing on the identification of governance mechanisms for the protection of human rights, emphasizes the weaknesses shaped by the pandemic crisis and argues in favor of the need to modernize the Moldovan society. With the assessment of the social-human impact of the pandemic as main objective, the theoretical-methodological framework of synergetics has been used, enabling to deal with the problem within the conceptual, functional, and operational frameworks.
CULTURA JURIDICĂ [NE] AJUNSĂ LA MATURITATE. O NECESITATE DE REVALORIZARE?
(CEP USM, 2023) Ciobanu, Rodica
This article discusses the problem of legal culture through the lens of the benchmarks of the current legal systems, and in line with today’s challenges. The article offers the possibility to look for alternative opinions based on rhetorical inquiries. The purpose is to reiterate the importance of some value constants for both theory and current legal practice.
Dilema modernizării și construcția credibilității
(CEP USM, 2024) Ciobanu, Rodica
The content of this article formulates questions on the wide reform processes that the Republic of Moldova has gone through in the context of its reform and modernization initiatives. The questions addressed outline some processes and reasons that reveal potential directions of analysis and propose solutions in order to maintain progress towards good governance, protection of the individual, and efficiency of law. In this context, the law is seen as an instrument capable of contributing to socio-political stability and responding to the challenges of digitization and globalization.
DREPTUL ŞI DREPTURILE OMULUI PE TIMP DE CRIZĂ: O ECUAȚIE CU MULTIPLE NECUNOSCUTE
(CEP USM, 2021-12-08) Ciobanu, Rodica
Today, human rights, the rule of law, and crises have increasingly become topics of discussion in the public, professional and scientific arenas. In this article, an interdis- ciplinary methodological perspective is used to analyze and understand modern crisis phenomena and how it is possible to make the transition from normality to the preser- vation and conservation of the value foundations of pre-crisis societies. Furthermore, the article offers some answers, from the author’s perspective, on how the crisis shapes law and rights, but also through constructive approaches offers some possible answers for the transition and the modernization of governance.
FUNDAMENTELE GUVERNĂRII ȘI DREPTURILOR OMULUI ÎN CONTEXTUL SOCIAL-JURIDIC ACTUAL AL REPUBLICII MOLDOVA
(Artpoligraf, 2021) Ciobanu, Rodica; Aramă, Elena
THE HIGHLIGHTS OF THE INTERWAR LEGAL THINKING IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE CONTEMPORARY RULE OF LAW STATE
(CEP USM, 2022) Margineanu, Valentin; Ciobanu, Rodica
Lately, the need to re-evaluate the axiological dimension of law and to reconsider the idea of the rule of law and democratic values has been increasingly emphasized, not only in the conditions of states with young democracies such as the Republic of Moldova. The radical transformations that post-Soviet states entered towards the end of the 20th century made them aspire to the establishment of societies in which the principles of the rule of law are not only enshrined in normative acts, but are also practiced. Thus, given the diversity of challenges facing contemporary states, the processes and crises that increasingly challenge democracy and the rule of law, we consider it appropriate to return to philosophical and legal thinking and to the determination of its valences in building the contemporary rule of law, highlighting its particular, specific and original character, which determines its place in the universal philosophical-legal thinking.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GOVERNANCE AND SOCIETY: EVIDENCE FROM AN ONLINE SURVEY
(2021) Ciobanu, Rodica; Roșca, Mariana
In order to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationship between governance and society, we surveyed approximately 500 Moldovans using an online instrument designed to recover the causal impact of the pandemic on the relationship between Moldovan citizens, the current governance and expected outcomes. Results show large negative effects across many dimensions. The article highlights how the relationship between government and citizens developed during the pandemic and underlines some vulnerabilities of Moldovan society which were also present before COVID-19, but intensified during the crisis. Due to COVID-19, 41,5% of Moldovans have changed their lifestyle and 88,4% argue that their situation is worst due to the fact that the pandemic crisis deepened the previous social, political and economic crises of the country. Finally, 35.4% of respondents point out to quite high levels of inefficient communication as well as contradictory information of governmental institutions and 75,5% consider there is a persisting lack of transparency in governmental communication during the pandemic crisis. Thus, we show that the economic and health-related shocks induced by COVID-19 expanded systematically on the society as a whole, with large negative effects on the relationship between governance and society.
INDICATORI AI MODERNIZĂRII GUVERNĂRII ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
(CEP USM, 2021) Ciobanu, Rodica
INTEGRITATEA - RAȚIUNEA DE „A FI” ȘI NECESITATE DE MODERNIZARE
(CEP USM, 2023) Ciobanu, Rodica
Pe fundalul aspirațiilor europene ala Republicii Moldova se înregistrează priorități care necesită a fi evaluate, prezentate și trecute printr-o abordare critică care să identifice aspecte specifice prin prisma unor dimensiuni (sociale, etice și juridice), care definesc probleme și impedimente, dar și prioritățile în spiritul solidarității și consensului social, a încrederii într-un viitor prosper și o societate care creează oportunități cetățenilor săi pentru dezvoltare. În acest conținut, în temeiul principiului rațiunii suficiente se dezvoltă subiectul integrității în cheia unei premise suficiente și necesare pentru dezvoltarea Republicii Moldova și aderarea la comunitatea țărilor europene. Se pune problematica integrității prin prisma necesității de modernizare a activității instituțiilor de drept, pentru asigurarea unei ordini juridice în care drepturile omului sunt protejate.
INTERDISCIPLINARITATEA - UN INSTRUMENT OPERAȚIONAL ÎN LUMEA CONTEMPORANĂ
(Iași: Editura Apollonia, 2016-03-03) Ciobanu, Rodica