Browsing by Author "Brindza, Ján"

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Adaptation of beech plants from different provenances to natural growth conditions [Articol]
(Editura USM, 2025) Elisovetcaia, Dina; Ivanova, Raisa; Popovschi, Ecaterina; Fedorenco, Elena; Brindza, Ján
This study assessed the adaptive potential of Fagus sylvatica L. seedlings from various provenances under natural growth conditions in the Republic of Moldova. Between 2022 and 2024, seedlings of different ages and origins (Slovakia, Romania, Moldova, and Ukraine) were transplanted and monitored. Key indicators included adaptation rate, survival rate and annual growth. Seedlings from Slovak provenances (Nitra-19 and Rožňava-22) showed the highest initial transplant resistance, with survival rates of 96.15% and 97.00%, respectively. Plants from Ciorești-21 (Republic of Moldova) followed closely, demonstrating the highest survival rate (87.00%) one year after transplantation. Growth assessments showed that although Romanian seedlings (Humosu-20) were initially taller, those from Slovakia and Republic of Moldova surpassed them in growth after one year. Adaptation was influenced by genetic and epigenetic factors, seedling morphology, precipitation levels, and climatic similarity between the origin site and the planting location. These results highlight the importance of selecting suitable provenances sites for beech seed collection and conditions for successful conservation and restoration of beech forests.
ADAPTIVE CAPACITY OF THE FAGUS SYLVATICA L. POPULATION FROM THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
(CEP USM, 2022-09-29) Elisovețcaia, Dina; Ivanova, Raisa; Ciorchina, Petru; Brindza, Ján
Breeding the domestic apple tree (Malus Domestica borkh.) as a family creative activity [Articol]
(Editura USM, 2025) Brindza, Ján; Horčinová-Sedláčková, Vladimíra
The aim of the work is to make the domestic apple tree breeding process more efficient with the acquisition of new original varieties in the interaction between human and nature also in the form of creative activity of the whole family. In this process, it is possible to use many wild seedlings (WGS) grown from the seeds of domestic apple tree fruits along roadsides, in fields, old gardens and orchards. In the experiment, 39 WGS were selected from different locations in Slovakia, with average fruit weights ranging from 57.45 g to 197.59 g. The fruits were determined to be of different shapes, most often heart-shaped, and varying in colour from light to dark. The colour of the flesh was white, light yellow and slightly red. Many of the seedlings excelled in original aroma and flavour. Process is very simple. In late August, look for suitable seedlings with attractive fruit, take a sample of the fruit and mark the seedling's location. Then take budded cuttings from the seedlings in January for grafting onto prepared rootstocks. In the third year, the first harvests can be evaluated on the WGS. Through this process, each member of the family can get their own original variety in the garden, not only for enjoyment but also for eating the original fruit.
Induction of artificial mutations in Linum Usitatissimum L. by exposing seeds to different doses of X-rays [Articol]
(Editura USM, 2025) Cuțitaru, Doina; Brindza, Ján
The artificial induction of mutations represents an effective method for generating new sources of germplasm, which are essential in plant breeding. In the present study, induced mutagenesis was applied to flax by exposure to X-rays. As biological material, three flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genotypes were selected: Kaufmann and Blaringhem (oilseed flax), and Belinka (fiber flax). Seeds were irradiated with X-rays at three doses: 500, 700, and 900 Gy, using the RS-2400-Q installation. The treatment led to a significant reduction in plant viability, especially for the Blaringhem and Belinka genotypes, which were completely eliminated within the first 24–33 days. In the case of the Kaufmann genotype, the survival rate at the 500 Gy dose was only 0.7%, also indicating high sensitivity to irradiation. However, plant mortality during various developmental stages was also influenced by environmental stress factors (hydrological drought, high temperatures). Analysis of the M₀ generation descendants revealed significant morphological changes compared to the control: increased number of branches, flowers, and fruits, but a pronounced reduction in seed mass and quality. The M₀ descendants exhibited an imbalance between vegetative and reproductive growth.
NATURAL DYES FROM POKEWEED BERRIES: EXTRACTION PROCEDURES AND STABILITY
(CEP USM, 2022-09-29) Ivanova, Raisa; Brindza, Ján