Browsing by Author "Bivol, Octavian"

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    ANALIZA MATERIALELOR ȘTIINȚIFICE PRIVIND RĂSPUNDEREA PENALĂ PENTRU ABUZUL DE SERVICIU (art.335 DIN CODUL PENAL) PUBLICATE ÎN REPUBLICA MOLDOVA
    (CEP USM, 2021) Bivol, Octavian
    În prezentul articol ne propunem să analizăm unele materiale științifice privind răspunderea penală pentru abuzul de serviciu (art.335 din Codul penal) publicate în Republica Moldova. Menționăm că cercetarea normelor de drept penal fără efectuarea unei analize complexe în coroborare cu ideile, concepţiile, teoriile, principiile despre normele și instituţiile dreptului penal, analizate în monografii, manuale, tratate, cursuri universitare, studii, articole ştiinţifice din domeniu, care au ca obiect de studiu sau care reflectă într-o anumită măsură aspectele de conţinut ale infracţiunii de abuz de serviciu, indubitabil, nu ar conduce la atingerea rezultatelor scontate și propuse spre cercetare. Printre autorii autohtoni care au efectuat cercetări juridico-penale ale infracțiunii de abuz de serviciu din perspectiva dreptului penal material, viziunile cărora vor constitui baza ştiinţifico-teoretică a proiectul de cercetare, se numără: Sergiu Brînza, Vitalie Stati, Ruslan Popov, Ion Țurcanu, Valeriu Cușnir, Ivan Macari, Tudor Popovici, Alexandru Borodac. Lucrările autorilor menționați vor constitui în mod determinant baza teoretică a prezentei cercetări.
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    CALIFICAREA JURIDICO-PENALĂ A FAPTELOR DE HĂRȚUIRE SEXUALĂ SĂVÂRȘITE DE CĂTRE O PERSOANĂ CARE GESTIONEAZĂ O ORGANIZAŢIE COMERCIALĂ, OBŞTEASCĂ SAU O ALTĂ ORGANIZAŢIE NESTATALĂ
    (CEP USM, 2022) Bivol, Octavian
    Discussions about sexual harassment have not lost their relevance, since this phenomenon exists in society and creates a real danger to the inviolability or sexual freedom of the person. In some cases, sexual harassment could be likened to corruption, given that there is perverted power that makes it possible to receive sexual services. In such situations, power is characterized not by its positive purpose - to act in the interests of the rights and interests protected by law of individuals, but arbitrarily. The possibility of sexual harassment by a person running a commercial, public or other nonstate organization cannot be denied. At first sight, it would create the impression that the respective criminal acts could be qualified in accordance with art. 173 of the Criminal Code, and the possible discussions on the applicability of art. 335 or 333 of the Criminal Code, would be useless. In this article, we will try to demonstrate that in such cases, not surprisingly, the withholding of art. 173 of the Criminal Code, could be classified as an incorrect legal-criminal exercise in the situation of use by the person who manages a commercial organization, public or other nonstate organization of the employment situation when committing acts of sexual harassment in relation to the victim who it has certain connections with its administrative or organizational-economic-economic attributions.
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    EFECTELE ADOPTĂRII DECIZIEI CURŢII CONSTITUŢIONALE NR. 75/2019 ASUPRA APLICĂRII ART. 335 DIN CODUL PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2021) Bivol, Octavian
    In this article we aim to analyze the effects of the adoption of the Decision of the Constitutional Court no. 75/2019 on the application of art. 335 of the Criminal code. In this context, the application of the criminal law by the subjects empowered with such attributions cannot be carried out by abstraction from the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, which, within the limits of its competence, performs the test of constitutionality of the law, as the case may be, in the part concerning quality conditions, predictability of the criminal law, in particular, of the text “of the service situation” from article 335 par. (1) of the Criminal Code. Thus, in the following, we will try to identify the scope of application of the text “of the employment situation”, by referring to the opinions of the doctrinaires and the corresponding normative provisions. Additionally, we will try to opine on the opportunity to regulate exclusively by normative acts the administrative or organizationaleconomic attributions of the persons who manage a commercial, public or other non-state organization or who work for such an organization.
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    EFECTELE ADOPTĂRII DECIZIEI CURŢII CONSTITUŢIONALE NR. 75/2019 ASUPRA APLICĂRII ART. 335 DIN CODUL PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2021) Bivol, Octavian
    In this article we aim to analyze the effects of the adoption of the Decision of the Constitutional Court no. 75/2019 on the application of art. 335 of the Criminal code. In this context, the application of the criminal law by the subjects empowered with such attributions cannot be carried out by abstraction from the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, which, within the limits of its competence, performs the test of con- stitutionality of the law, as the case may be, in the part concerning quality conditions, pre- dictability of the criminal law, in particular, of the text “of the service situation” from article 335 par. (1) of the Criminal Code. Thus, in the following, we will try to identify the scope of application of the text “of the employment situation”, by referring to the opinions of the doctrinaires and the corresponding normative provisions. Additionally, we will try to opine on the opportunity to regulate exclusively by normative acts the administrative or organi- zational-economic attributions of the persons who manage a commercial, public or other non-state organization or who work for such an organization.
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    IMPLICAȚII PENALE ALE STATUTULUI JURIDIC AL MEMBRILOR ORGANULUI DE CONDUCERE ŞI AL PERSOANELOR CARE DEŢIN FUNCŢII-CHEIE ÎN CADRUL BĂNCILOR
    (Institutului Naţional al Justiţiei, 2021) Eremciuc, Roman; Bivol, Octavian
    În anumite cazuri operarea completărilor şi modificărilor legislative asupra Codului penal poate ridica incertitudini în partea ce se referă la aspectele de interpretare şi aplicare a normei penale. În acest sens, voinţa legiuitorului urmează să fie expusă într-o manieră care să corespundă criteriilor recunoscute de calitate a legii, şi anume: accesibilitate, previzibilitate şi claritate. Mai cu seamă, norma de drept penal trebuie să fie formulată cu suficientă precizie, astfel încât să permită persoanei să decidă asupra conduitei sale şi să prevadă, în mod rezonabil, în funcţie de circumstanţele cauzei, consecinţele acestei conduite. În acest articol, autorii şi-au propus scopul să interpreteze ultima teză a art. 123 alin. (2) din Codul penal, corespunzător – să stabilească dacă membrii organului de conducere şi persoanele care deţin funcţii-cheie în cadrul băncii pot CZU: 347.734:343.22 https://doi.org/10.52277/1857-2405.2021.4(59).04 fi considerate persoane autorizate sau învestite de stat să presteze, în numele acestuia, servicii publice sau să îndeplinească activităţi de interes public şi, implicit, dacă pot fi considerate persoane publice, în sensul art. 123 alin.(2) din Codul penal, de vreme ce, înainte de începerea exercitării responsabilităţilor, candidaturile acestor persoane trebuie să fie aprobate de Banca Naţională a Moldovei sau, totuşi, urmează a fi considerate persoane care gestionează o organizaţie comercială, în sensul art. 124 din Codul penal.
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    IMPORTANŢA METODELOR DE INTERPRETARE A DREPTULUI ÎN CONTEXTUL CERCETĂRII ŞTIINŢIFICE JURIDICE PRIVIND RĂSPUNDEREA PENALĂ PENTRU ABUZUL DE SERVICIU (art.335 DIN CODUL PENAL)
    (CEP USM, 2021) Bivol, Octavian
    In this article we will discuss about the methods of the interpretation of lawin the context of scientific legal research. The search for the meaning of the norm is related to the clarity of the text. The notion of clarity of the text is a subjective notion, because what it is clear to one, it may not be clear to another, at the same time, each individual will extract a different meaning from the same content. First of all, the application of the norm presumes the understanding of the legal text, its elucidation. The interpretation of law therefore supposes a gradual approach, using a plurality of joint methods which establish, in the interest of customizing the norm, its exact meaning, its field of application, its effects and purpose.
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    LATURA OBIECTIVĂ A INFRACȚIUNII PREVĂZUTE DE ART.335 ALIN.(1) DIN CODUL PENAL
    (CEP USM, 2024) Bivol, Octavian
    In this article we aim to analyze the objective side of the crime provided by art.335 para. (1) of the Criminal Code. In this context, we will try to make a brief analysis of the alternative normative modalities provided by the provision of art. 335 para. (1)of the Criminal Code, namely „using the service situation” and „using the organization's assets”. It is important to mention that the occurring of any of two alternative modalities of the act in question is sufficient for taking into account the application of the liability under art. 335 para. (1) of the Criminal Code. Additionally,we try to identify the limits of the service competence of the person who manages a commercial, social or other non-state organization or who works for such an organization, by referring to the actions that clearly exceed the limits of the rights and powers granted to them. At the same time, we try to identify the nature of the prejudicial consequences necessary to be caused, to point out the need for the existence of a causal link between the prejudicial act and the prejudicial consequence,as well as to identify the moment of consummation of the crime provided by art. 335 para. (1) of the Criminal Code.
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